Game Analysis Of Decision-making Of Participatory Land-use Planning

Public participation in the decision-making of land use planning has been an important principle in China. At present,China has implemented two rounds of land use planning, which played very important roles in the rational use of land resources, macro-control of land use, farmland protection, conflicts coordination in the process of land conversion, and the optimization of land use structure.But with the increasing population growth and socio-economic development, the demand for land is incressing rapidly and the conflict between land and people has become increasingly prominent, then the limitations of the "from top to down" approach of traditional land use planning gradually were exposed.Especially in dealing with the contradiction between development and protection, and it ignores the intention of the primary land users, so as to result in difficult implementation and poor results. Actually land is the resources owned by the community, so land use planning should be the contract abide by the interests stakeholders. So it is clearly regulated that public participation must be implemented in all levels of land use planning in the new round of nationwide land use planning and its decision-making process fully highlight the general status of the public people and social organizations.The decision-making process of participatory land use planning takes into account interests of all parties involved in planning, ensures the fairness of dicision-making of land use planning. Its decision-making process is typical of game theory, therefore it is feasible to research the participatory land use planning decision-making from the perspective of the game theory, and it is of very important theoretical and practical significance to the land use management.Currently many scholars at home and abroad have carried out a series of theory and practice research related to the participatory land use planning,and it is proved that public participation in the decision-making of land use planning can fully take into account the legitimate interests of all stakeholders, and enhance the scientific and acceptable of planning, and reduce the risk of bad decision-making of planning and the costs of policy implementation. However, many ongoing research focused on participatory approachs of the street level participatory land use planning, while researchs related to innovative means of public participation and supported data models are relatively scarce.And the decision-making mechanism is also fewer explored, so literatures of the decision-making of land use planning based on game theory is even more uncommon.This article references the relevant domestic and international studies of participatory land use planning,analyzes the problems existed in these researchs:the decision mechanisms of the first two rounds of land use planning are inadequate, leading to ineffective planning and implementation; theorital and practial researches on participatory land use planning is not systematic enough;the expression of participatory land use planning information in its publicity is single,leading to low level of public awareness and can not meet the multi-level awareness needs of the public people; the interested parties involed in the land use planning lack effective platforms and channels to express their demands and feedbacks.The specific aspects of this research are summarized as follows:(1)The paper analyzes the foreign literatures of participatory land use planning comprehensively, builds a more complete system structure of participatory land use planning which includes the determination of participants, the choice of participatory model, the division of participation stage and content, the designment of participatory tools and means et al.(2)By taking into account the multi-level cognitive demands in the demonstation process of land use planning, the paper designs a information reconstruction model of land use planning to meet the multi-level cognition needs of the public people with different education backgrounds,academic and geographic areas.Based on the model,the mechanism of multi-level semantics expression of land use planning information is designed to meet the multi-level cognition needs of the public people and improve the publicity effect of land use planning.(3) The research introduces game theory into the participatory land use planning, builds the two game models of the decision-making of struction land and land use plans; and it designs the three core procedures of the game in web-based participatory land use planning which include acquisition of land use needs, analysis of land use needs and the decision-making of land use plans.(4)The research builds a web-based platform for the public participation of land use planning, and designs the means of public participation, which expands the scope of public participation, and enhance the science and transparence of the decision-making of land use planning, and incorporates the fairness and efficiency of decision-making of land use plans. With the result of the overall land-use planning (2006-2020) of the autonomous County of Changjiang LI nationality of Hainan Province as experiment data,the participation and game behaviors of many categories of people is simulated and the validity of the game model of land use planning is proved.