Research On Land Use Planning Decision Mechanism Base On Stakeholders

Land use planning is a programmatic document for urban-rural development and land management, is a group of economic and technology measures to achieve a rational distribution and effective utilization of land resources, and plays an important role in sustainable development of social, economic and ecological. With the deepening of socialist market economy reforms continuously, interests'demand of social subjects becomes more and more diverse and complex, and land use planning faces with a new circumstances on how to improve and maximize the overall social and public interest. In order to meet the needs of new development, the theory of land use planning decisions must make new exploration, so based on research decision subjects interest, this article analyzes and summarizes the inherent law of land use planning decision-making process for improving the level of our land use planning decision-making and opening up a new thought.Land use planning decision mechanism refers to the relational scheme steadily and perennial about interrelations and interactions of decision factors which it forms in decision subjects'mutual exchange and game playing during determining the future region land use arrangements in the framework of land use planning institutional. Land use planning decision mechanism could be divided decision supports aspect and decision subjects aspect, and decision supports mechanism system is mainly reflected in planning technology and researched more mature. Decision subjects mechanism system researches mainly on subject behavior and relationship, and it has seriously constrained the development of land use planning decision-making in despite of existing less research results. The artist comprehensive uses political science, economics and public management theories, and divides behavior and relationship of subjects into showing preferences mechanism, institution innovation mechanism, public participation mechanism, benefit balance mechanism, evaluation mechanism in five aspects, and fully demonstrates the operational regularity of land-use planning decision-making.Showing preferences mechanism; Land use planning redefines and distributes the land rights in the region, and involves the overall social and public interests, and the public should have the right the channels to take part to land use planning, so composition of decision subjects will be quite complex. According to attribute classified, the paper using the stakeholder theory divides decision subjects into central government, local government, interest group, the public and professional planners, and analyzes the value orientation and behavioral characteristics one by one. Showing preference mechanism is precondition of public participation in planning decision-making, and is the base of setting subjects communication and interaction channels.Institution innovation mechanism; land use planning decision system is made by the central government to protect arable land and restrict construction land at first, but it undoubtedly affects the ability of local governments for economic development. Through building and analyzing game model, the paper proves that local governments would breach planning inevitably in hypothesis condition that impact of total mount construction land on economic output. To resolve this paradox is that the central government creates proper environment for innovation, and local governments innovate decision system to relieve the contradiction between planning and economic development. Game between the central and local governments promotes changes and innovation of land use planning decision system, and planning decision system just develops on the process of "game and imbalance-innovation and balance".Public participation mechanism; public participation is widespread concern and discussion of current public policy issues, and is an important content and form of democratic social and politics. Through economic analysis of the public participation behavior, the paper points out that the key elements which the public decides whether participation in planning decision are cost and income of participation behavior. It could realize public participation only satisfying the revenue maximization, and the biggest variable is the government's emphasis on the public. When government aware that public participation is very important to preserving the social total and long-term interests, then that could achieve a good interaction. At last, the paper summarizes the aim, pattern and realization form of public participation.Benefit balance mechanism; players and experts taking part in land use planning decision, not only guidance on technical and policy, but also is reflected in the integration of interests and the insistence of public interest. While government, interest group, and the public are an integral part of community, players facing with the interests demand and game relationship of the three parts in planning making process, they must uphold the principles of fairness and commonweal, in order to avoid subjects in unequal attention because of the difference of social status and different depth and width of participation in. Planners should analyze, merge and integrate various interest demands, then reflect them overall in planning and realize of the three win-win situation. Decision evaluation mechanisms; Evaluation of land use planning is the comprehensive survey of decision-making process and result, also is a process to measure the economy, fairness and efficiency of planning decision-making; it reveals and compensates the problems, errors and leaks in decision-making process. Evaluation system of land use planning decision-making composes of the standard effect, the result effect, equity and economic effects and other dimensions, and its results influenced by evaluation purpose, land use planning development law, local governments subjective and objective conditions, the degree of social contradictions and conflicts, information and degree of information collection, etc.Generally speaking, all interest subjects show mutual cooperation and game relationship in the decision-making process. Through studied five aspects of decision-making mechanism, we could mainly have three implications. In the first, the planning decision-making involves the interest adjustment of all land owners and each decision maker must have the right and channel to express their benefit. Secondly, the purpose of studying on land use planning decision-making mechanism is to create relevant measures and proposals that could deal with the contradiction for decision makers in our country, and to establish scientific, democracy and stable interacting channel to ensure the interests of all subjects. Thirdly, evaluating the land use planning decision plays an important role in surveying that whether the planning decision really realizes public welfare and fairness and in correcting errors and vulnerabilities.Based on the above findings, this article makes some measures and proposals from the perspective of interest subjects improving land use planning decision-making, and applies that to the Shayang's land use planning decision, finally achieves good effect.