Study On The Network Structure, Performance Evaluation And Upgrading Strategy Of Industrial Clusters In Jilin Province

As its name of “the old industrial base of the northeast”, Jilin province carries its fading glory as well as the current duty to break the developing dilemma. In exploring the path and method of rapid economic development, the governments at all levels in Jilin province have built a number of scaled industrial clusters including the manufacturing industry of motor vehicles and parts, petroleum chemical industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing, agricultural product processing, equipment manufacturing industry and photoelectron information industry. However, the industrial clusters on the whole are composed of labor-intensive, low tech oriented traditional industries, in which issues as week ability in further development, low resource utilization rate, poor environmental protection and un-matching production safety facilities as well as imperfect public service system are still prominent. In order to solve such practical problems, promote the development and upgrading of industry clusters in Jilin Province, there should be intellectual supports covering the full range of theoretical explanation, situation analysis, evaluation mechanism and strategic conception as to provide theoretical and decision-making basis for the upgrading strategy of industrial clusters in Jilin provinceFirst of all, the scientific development of Jilin province industry clusters depends on the comprehensive understanding of theoretical systems and systemic analysis of typical cluster modes. What compose the industrial cluster knowledge reference as theoretical resources are the external economic theory and agglomeration theory, the Krugman model and Potter’s competition theory, the "embeddedness" theory and regional innovation environment theory, the global value chain, resource dependence and core competence theory, industrial module theory, innovation theory and the theory of new industry district, territorial production complex and growth pole theory, social network and social-capital theory. Therefore the basic connotation includes(1) it is a spatial cluster phenomenon based on economic activities of specialization and collaboration in a certain region;(2) it is a comprehensive network of value that contains the circulation of industry input and output on the basis of specific social relations;(3) it constitutes a novel and efficient form of economic organization between market and hierarchy, within which there could be sufficient liquidity of knowledge, technology and other modern resources. Advanced development modes of typical are the America Silicon Valley, Japan Toyota as well as the domestic representative mode like Zhejiang and Guangdong, which provide some guidance and reference for the development of industrial clusters in Jilin province.Secondly, the industrial clusters in Jilin Province based on the upgrading of industrial layout and network structure. Jilin province has gradually formed three major economic zones including east middle and the west as well as the industrial agglomeration in Changchun City as the center of area and has formed five big advantage industries including the automotive industry, petroleum chemical industry, agricultural product processing industry, equipment manufacturing industry, pharmaceutical industry. This pattern is formed by the interaction of factors as economic development, policy system, matching industrial facilities, industrial concentration, major projects and enterprise investments and resource transportation. Based on the analysis of social and economic networks theory, the composition sub-networks of industrial clusters are production networks, collaboration networks, innovation network and derivative networks. To enhance the network function of spatial relations and the strength of network, there should build stereo social and economic networks and virtual social economic networks.Third, the quantitative performance evaluation of Jilin province industry clusters is the objective basis for policy making. Selected evaluation objects are auto industry, petrochemical industry and agricultural product processing industry since they are key industries. There are four first level indexes in the evaluation system including the degree of agglomeration, degree of competition, degree of cooperation and innovation ability and sixteen indexes in the second level. Through the bid and hierarchical structure model and the questionnaire of 30 experts, it is known that the highest comprehensive score is 91.92 points for petrochemical industry, the second is 90.43 points for automobile industry, next is 79.37 points for agricultural product processing industry, which is consistent with the conclusion of the qualitative analysis.Finally, the upgrading of industrial clusters in Jilin province should achieve goals of high quality, high level and sustainable development. Therefore the strategy should contain the leadership of key enterprises in the innovation network of the industrial clusters, promotion of supporting system construction of the industrial clusters upgrading, core position of sustainable development in the upgrading strategy of the industrial clusters, emphasis on the integration of local and national strategies. The supporting measures should include the promotion of policy coordination of government at all levels, establishment of financial support system, thus to make the best efforts to achieve regional coordinated development.To sum up, there is no other option than vigorously development of industrial clusters for Jilin province to speed up economic development since it could achieve the aggregation of manufactory factors, save transaction costs, improve the efficiency of resource allocation, encourage innovation and technology development through the effects of industrial clusters.