Research Of The Import Substitution In Chinese Cotton Industry And Its Spread In Space (1867-1936)

As an important way to achieve industrialization of developing country, import substitution is a notable point in cotton industry of modern China. In this research, we focus the foreign trade of cotton industrial products and the growth of cotton industry of modern China, in order to take a study abost import substitution of modern China’s cotton industry from the views of time and space.Firstly, we analyzed the imports of cotton industrial products in the change of its quantity and composition. The research shows that multiple factors cause its change. The drop of exchange rate between teals and copper play an important role in bloom of the trade in cotton yarn at the end of 19th century. As a long-time factor, growth of Chinese cotton industry takes an important element.Secondly, we analyzed the process of modern cotton industry of China in import substitution. It can be divided into two periods:"initiative" to "planed". In the first period, cotton industry grew without the protection of tariff policy. The import substitution only realized in semi-finished product and limited regional market. During 1930s, tariff policy plays a most important role in the import substitution of cotton industry. Earning to the protective tariff policy, Chinese cotton industrial productions gain the most of share in the domestic market.Thirdly, as the center of cotton industry in modern China, shanghai’s cotton industry mills can be considered as a leading factor in the import substitution. But the significance of cities in other regions (coastal or inland) rose markedly. To this point, the lack of unity in the domestic market is an important reason.