Research On The International Trade Pattern And Evolution Law Of Primary Minerals Based On Complex Network

The rapid development of China’s economy leads to increasing demand for mineralresources. Iron and steel industry is the pillar industry of China’s economic development,whose main raw material is iron ore. Thus the supply of iron ore resources in the long-termdevelopment of steel industry is crucial. At present, China is in the stage of industrialization,the demand for copper resources has maintained rapid growth. Therefore, we selected iron oreand copper ore for the study of China’s import and export trade situation and countermeasuresof bulk minerals.International trade of mineral resources is a complex economic system. The import andexport of minerals between countries form the trade networks. The topology of the networkcan reveal the inherent laws of the complex economic system. Therefore, we use complexnetwork theory to construct the import and export complex networks of iron ore, copper orebetween2000and2012. In addition to the direct trade between countries, countries also haveimport and export relations with a common country, which indirectly forms the import orexport competition relationship. Accordingly, this paper also built competition networks ofiron ore and copper ore between2000and2012based on complex network theory.According to the global iron ore and copper ore import and export trade network, weanalyzed the trade patterns and trade communities. Iron ore and copper ore trade relationsamong countries are more loose and stable as a whole. The average number of iron ore andcopper ore trading partner is4-6. There are more importing countries than exporting countries.The main intermediary countries in the iron ore trade networks are Netherlands, Germany,USA, South Africa and China; and the main intermediary countries in the copper ore tradenetworks are the United States, China, Germany, Canada, the United Kingdom and SouthAfrica. The number of communities in the trade networks is small and the difference is notobvious, showing the tendency of globalization.In this paper, we consider China’s import and export channels and competitors, andanalyze China’s dependence on imports of the country. The results show that China’s importsof iron ore resources markets in New Zealand, Chile, Malaysia, South Africa, Peru andVietnam are the least vulnerable, however, Canada, India, Brazil and Australia are thevulnerable import resources of iron ore of China. China’s imports of copper ore resourcesmarkets in Mongolia, Brazil, South Africa, Peru, Zambia, Vietnam and Tanzania are the leastlikely to be disrupted, and the most insecure import channels are Australia, United States,Chile and Canada. The stability of China’s imports of iron ore and copper ore are high, and has been on the rise. China is implementing imported channel diversification strategy. China’simports of iron ore and copper ore have more competitive countries, Japan and South Koreaare China’s main competitive countries of iron ore, and Germany, Japan, India and SouthKorea are China’s main competitive countries of copper ore.Through the analysis of the above, this paper presents China’s import and export of ironore and copper ore countermeasures. China should strengthen trade relation with theintermediary countries; China should focus on the countries of origin of imports andintermediary trading countries; strengthen ties with members of the same community; expandthe bulk minerals import sources, and consolidate the existing sources; enhance trade relationwith countries with low import dependence.