Research On Urban Habitation Decentralization Based On The Housion Price Gradient

Reasonable habitation layout is essential for the healthy development of the city, many big cities in our country need to functional organization at present to achieve smart growth. Housing price is the core factor when people choose where to live in, house prices gradient has important influence to the living function organization, therefore, research on the function organization from the perspective of housing prices gradient is very necessary. This article first analyze the house prices gradient connotation, and then analyze the relationship between the housing price gradient and living function layout. Second, choosing southwest of Beijing as demonstration area, adopting the kriging method and Hedonic model to analyze the housing price spatial structure and gradient in study area. Third, using gravity model, element analysis method to evaluate the accessibility of public service and its impact on housing prices gradient, fourth, using the Hedonic model to analyze the rail transit’s influence on house prices gradient, fifth, by means of statistical analysis, ArcGis spatial analysis methods to analyze the residential land development trend of suburbanization, and draw lessons from the city of Tokyo and London’s experience in living function organization, and then make some suggest on living function organization for Beijing.The conclusions as follows:(1) Housing prices gradient characterize the intrinsic relationship between housing price and urban geographical location, is the "barometer" of urban residential potential function organization. High housing prices gradient indicated that the area has great potential for urban residential function organization, vice versa. Flat prices curve shows that urban residential function layout is more reasonable. As an important living location factors, the improvement of traffic conditions and public service can reduce the house prices gradient.(2) Housing price spatial autocorrelation obviously, house prices diminishes from the city center to suburb. Housing price curve decline rapidly in urban, and declines slowed in the suburbs. Within the4th,5th and6th ring roads, house prices gradient of south and southwest directions is respectively11.4%and7.1%,7.7%and5.8%,4.93%and4.19%. Housing prices gradient in south is higher than that of southwest, which show that the southbound prices for location is more sensitive.(3) Although the level of public services of urban and suburban areas are improving, but the gap is widening. Accessibility of public services in northeast of the study area is higher than the southwest. Within the4th and5th ring roads, the correlation between housing price gradient and public service accessibility gradient is positive, but within the6th ring roads, the correlation is positive, which reflects the Beijing residential development expand rapidly due to the lack of rural public service facilities. No equalization of public service between urban and suburban is not conducive to living function organization.(4) Rail transit can effectively reduce the housing prices gradient. But the housing gradient in the southwest of Beijing rose greatly before it fell, the trend likes as an inverted "U", and then it remain stable. The mechanism that rail transit impact on house prices gradient owing to the different response to the metro operated in the two areas. Rail transit construction is conducive to relieving the living function.(5) The suburbanization of residential development in Beijing is obviously.To promote the decentralization of living function, Beijing government increased the rural residential land supply. But the rural residential land development influenced by macroeconomic signally and was not stability.(6) In order to promote the decentralization of living function in Beijing, we should (1) speed up promote the development of satellite cities.(2) Increase the supply of residential land in suburb, ensure the stability of the housing land development.(3) To strengthen the construction of suburban public service facilities.(4) To strengthen the construction of suburban rail transit.(5) Establish prices gradient dynamic monitoring system.