Back To "Collectivism":the Economic Reform Of Hao-zhuang Village Under The Influence Of The National Politics

Chinese rural society experienced unprecedented differentiation and reorganization during the social transition period. Especially in the beginning of the establishment of the Communist Party to transform successfully the countryside, makes the evolution of rural society show the modern trend. Rural economy dominated by politics achieved the modern commercial operation mode "encouraged farmers to leave the village". Far inland,Haozhuang locating in Taiyuan city,Shan Xi province, also experienced the order construction and reform of rural economy dominated by the Communist Party,such as land reclamation,co-operative movement and Collective economic and political behavior dominated by the economic reform.Although the Communist Party’s political intention is realized basically, the rural economy did not achieve the road toward modernization, not get much of peasant life improvement. After the Third Plenary Session, the policies benefiting the people and pragmatic economic policy have been introduced.Take this as an opportunity, Hao Zhuang has achieved all-round contract and co-operative movement in the economic aspect, so that the rural economy has been more improved than before. Later, under the guidance of township enterprises, Hao Zhuang sets up many factories With its superior geographical environment and the urbanized construction of Taiyuan city,while factories are closed because of the impact of the market economy. However, with improvement of the rural economy autonomous choice,Hao zhuang develops clothing trade-oriented modern services in a fortuitous opportunity, the result is to achieve successfully the transformation of the economic structure of the country, rural urbanization and non-agricultural, and make a traditional rural society work into the metropolis ranks. The same time,With maturity of the market economy and deepening development of its system, Haozhuang featuring modern economy is restructuring and implementing the joint-stock operation mechanism, it promotes transformation of the rural economy again, so that the rural economy returns "collectivization." However, it is accompanied by the emergence of collective economic privatization, different interest groups start a contest of power and interests around the "collectivization" issue, the internal divisions of village grow increasingly more serious with the impact of interest-driven,rural modernization is further strengthened.However, Hao-zhuang is from collectivization back to the " collectivization "in the economic transformation.The joint-stock reform and the establishment of collective property rights in the modern sense is an important way to achieve the country " collectivization "again. Due to Taiyuan Clothing City Group corporatization. Farmers transform into a monolithic personification representatives, and it becomes a collective style of modern corporate shareholder in the legal sense, the whole collective property rights system has formed with the Hao village of farmers as shareholders of the company. In addition, the system of villagers shareholder dividends also ensures" collectivization " process again, villagers obtain the right to achieve capital gains, and thus attaining a real sense of the law, the market, the collective ownership of property and the collective benefits enjoyed " collectivization." From regional economic development point, the successful transition of Hao zhuang rural economy in Shan xi is unique, it is also more representative the whole country.Hao’s mode is different from Huaxi Village, Haozhuang mode shifts the rental collective economy into non-agricultural land under the guidance of national political orientation, it develops modern clothing market with a collective economic characteristics by taking advantage of regional advantage—village inside a city,and successfully integrate into the city system. Given the economic reform and its social effects,I believe that China’s rural economic cooperative mode is an effective way leading to the economic reform in the sense of the modern property.Nevertheless, these two kinds of collectivization are fundamentally different, mainly as follows:from the property right sense,they both are collective ownership,and have some inheritance on the evolution of the track.the only difference is what the former is controlled directly by state but the latter is dominated by the village autonomy, with a collective sense of modern law. The second is different cooperative action. The process of non-agricultural cooperative action, is clearly different from the mode which China’s rural surplus labor transfer to non-agricultural way in previous cooperation and commune period,it is not also fixed on their village and agriculture by way of collection system,instead of basing on both the legal recognition of individual members and emphasis on corporate members share basis.In fact the individual does not terminate cooperation, but individuals have the right to choose whether to terminate cooperation, which completely avoids the cooperative era of personal ownership because of unclear ownership, eating big pot and not allowing to retire. The third is different attribution of collective property rights. Farmers’ collective ownership determines the Haozhuang urbanization in the distribution pattern of interest, and thus accumulates the Haozhuang village capital and develops "collectivization" of the basic path, namely,collective farmers are legitimate collective enjoyment of the land, and the only legitimate operators who enjoy and accumulate of capital. The fourth is that cooperative organization has changed significantly. The new form of the village community and organizational elements are not completely structured, but continue to be constructed,they do not reproduce and restore the original structure, rather than many innovations on the basis of the reconstruction.In addition, although Hao zhuang returns "collectivization" and creates a miracle in the rural economy, it exists a lot of hardship during the future development, mainly as follows:(1) how to deal well the state, collective and personal relationship, in particular the relationship between the state politics and rural economy. The efficient operation of today’s market economy, though the state politics interference in the economy tends to be weak, and the role of economic agents has changed significantly, the actual situation is that the state politics have been influencing evolution of the rural economy, it is only that economic intervention and performance is not more violent and arbitrary than before. (2) A puzzle is how long collective cooperative organization remains.Although the implementation of the joint-stock performance is a good way to go modern business model, the problem is that only the modern business sense is not enough, the enterprise management capability remains to be further examined; (3) With gradual impact on economic globalization and China’s market economy, Haozhuang clothing market is facing increasing competition, especially e-commerce;(4) Hao zhuang demise of the original village community and society Serious differentiation is spreading. Especially, with the formation of the modern community living environment, widening the gap between rich and poor, and decreasing social communication of the villagers, they lead to a small rural community becoming increasingly differentiated, Haozhuang will gradually become a symbol, rather than a cohesive villages. What these problems are overcome and resolved may be considered primarily keeping Haozhuang "collectivization".