Research On Institutional Entrepreneur Strategy Of Private Enterprise

Institutional entrepreneurship theory is an important branch of institution theory to explain institutional change. Institution theory is focused more on structure than agency, but the entrepreneurship theory is the opposite, which is focused more on the agency than structure. However, institutional entrepreneurship theory combines those two seemingly conflicting theories. It follows the rules of institution theory that emphasizes on the structure, also recognizes the agency of actors for the new institution to explore, organize, practice how and why evolution provides a novel perspective, thus obtaining great academic attentions. Nevertheless the current research is immature, still in the construction phase. The research scope is restricted to the Western context; but for Chinese context whose institution has been changed so fast, the context has significant rarely been studied; the current pioneering research are mainly concentrated on the non-profit organizations, few research has been studied that institutional entrepreneurship was conducted by the private enterprise;also the study of institutional entrepreneur strategies is "only scattered interpretation" without forming a systematic theory.Therefore, we choose a typical case of the private enterprise under the Chinese context, in order to compensate for the lack of current research. Use strategy is contextualized. The institutional entrepreneur uses the strategies largely depends on where the entrepreneur located in, the emerging field or the mature field. Thus, the overall research idea is in-depth analysis of emerging and mature strategies of these two different types of institutional fields; then compares those two strategies. Finally,based on the field dimensions and resource mobilization, we deeply studies on the institutional entrepreneur strategies, constructs the integrated research frame.In this study, the emerging field of the selected case is the balance of Alibaba Yu’ebao, this new generation and promotion practices, and the mature field selected cases is the private practice of the automotive manufacturing which has beenrecognized and accepted. Two cases of institutional entrepreneurs are private enterprises, are in government strictly regulated industry, are trapped in the administrative examination and approval limits of government, their strategies have seriously constrained under Chinese context, where has the specific political,economic and social factors, the main difference of those two is the different field types of the business located in. That forms the basis for our comparative analysis.In-depth case studies, we concluded:(1) In the emerging field domain, widely recognized rules does not yet exist, lack of system templates; the role of members of the field have not fixed, must cater to many different stakeholders; interactive between field members do not frequent, the routine is difficult to form. Institutional entrepreneur must be used bricolage strategy,namely the use of limited institutional resources at hand can be selectively and creatively re-integration, and cater to the interests and expectations of bridging different action groups, so that new practices to produce and promote.To be specific,institutional entrepreneur uses primarily affiliated bricolage strategy and bridging bricolage strategy on the organizational dimension; on the material dimension, the actor mainly uses the simplicity and scalability bricolage strategies; on the discursive dimension, the actor uses primarily beautification and analogy bricolage strategies.(2) In the mature field domain, due to exist strong constrained pressure and powerful vested interests groups, the relationship between the field members has been fixed, become inertia and stable mindset, the presence of the domain to promote new practices and challenge the old system logic system will be strongly resisted and severely punished. Institutional entrepreneur must do this grafting strategy, namely through careful design and cleverly packaged, embedded new institutional logic under the previous institution, to maximize the retention and inclusive reasonable elements of the previous institution, and fully use of the existing institutional system to obtain the necessary resources and powers to make the new institutional logic to develop. To be specific, the actors use primarily parasitic and political grafting strategies on the organizational dimension; on the material dimension, the actor mainly uses the imitating and matching grafting strategies; on the discursive dimension, the actor usesprimarily aligning and embedding grafting strategies.(3) We made in three dimensions field(Discursive-Organizational-Material dimensions) for the column, the type of resource mobilization(Leverage-Accumulation-Convening) for the course of the integrated analysis framework of institutional entrepreneur strategies ——DOM-LAC, combined two different domains into the same analysis system. Inspection system with the existing literature strategy, we can see a good applicability.The main innovation of this study and the theoretical contribution is:(1) Explicitly introduce the concept of bricolage into institutional entrepreneurship research,with this unique perspective to analyze and interpret the institutional entrepreneur in the emerging field faced with a lack of height institutional elements when both "join" and "change" behavior in institutional entrepreneurial strategy, and further detailed inspection and forth six specific characteristics of these bricolage behavior in different field dimensions, fill the gaps in the current research,and promote the development and integration of institutional entrepreneurship theory and bricolage theory.(2) First time we propose the concept of grafting in institutional entrepreneurship research for analysis and interpretation of institutional entrepreneur in the mature field faces of a high degree of institutional constraints situation both "embedded" and "change" unique strategic behavior, provide a new perspective for institutional entrepreneurship research, under this perspective, we further study the six specific grafting strategies in different field dimensions use to make it more operational and guidelines, providing references for future study.(3) Firstly proposes the integrated analysis framework of institutional entrepreneur strategies——DOM-LAC, we integrate the different types of institutional entrepreneur strategy, which has been used by different institutional entrepreneurs under different context, into the unified analytical framework that could not only analyze the overall entrepreneurial strategies,but also could compare the difference of the strategies under a unified reference. The overall analysis framework also reflects the main driver and driving environment nested to achieve a balancedframe between the overall entity and the individual initiative.(4) Compare to the current research, which is too focused on discursive dimension and ignore the material and organizational dimension, we study the process of institution change on the different dimensions(organizational, material and discursive) of the field. Therefore, we can have an overall vision of the institutional process, and also providing a reference methodology for the follow-up study...