Study On The Urban And Rural Integrated Basic Old-age Insurance System Based On Collection And Payment Of Fund

The basic way to realize the fairness of old-age insurance is to establish the integration of urban and rural system. In recent years, expanding the basic old-age insurance system in our country has made remarkable achievements, which protect the basic livelihood of the elderly in urban and rural areas, and play an important role in dealing with population aging and promote economic and social harmonious development. But the development of the system is far from the ideal state, and the system further forward is inevitable. This paper propose the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural integration framework based on the theory and practice of foreign experience and domestic history. Based on the framework the fund expenditure level and income level are calculated, the steps should be adopted and the internal and external environment should be build is studied, in order to give the basic old-age insurance integrated development of theoretical support.This paper mainly investigate the basic old-age insurance system development and adjusting mechanism from the fund balance perspective, which adopts the method of empirical analysis and normative analysis, qualitative and quantitative research, based on the principle of fairness and efficiency, the static analysis and dynamic test of the basic old-age insurance system. The paper is divided into 8, the first part is the introduction; second part is the basis of this study, including the definition, theoretical foundation and research; the third part summarizes the development trend of the integration of urban and rural basic old-age insurance and gives the design and expounds the future integration mode; the fourth part is the key issues related to the basic old-age insurance fund balance level, including the setting principle and calculation formula of influence factors; the fifth part is an empirical analysis on the level of the basic old-age insurance fund in the integration of urban and rural areas; the sixth part is an empirical analysis of financing level of the basic old-age insurance fund for integration; the seventh part sets the path to achieve the integration of urban and rural basic old-age insurance system; the eighth part summarizes the research conclusion and prospects the future research contents and research methods.The main research conclusions of this paper are:(1) The integration of basic old-age insurance system has a good theoretical basis andresearch foundationHistory of the establishment and development of the basic old-age insurance are established on the relatively mature theoretical basis. Social welfare theory, life cycle theory,overlapping generations theory, income redistribution theory are from different perspective describe that the distribution and redistribution of social wealth on fairness and efficiency should be taken into account. In foreign countries, the research on the basic old-age insurance generally pay more attention to the influence of the various factors on the fund balance;domestic research for the study of the integration of urban and rural basic old-age insurance has more, for the study of fund revenue and expenditure are mainly from three angles including macro factors, micro factors and revenue model.(2) The integration of the basic old-age insurance is the inevitable trend of historical developmentIn the development process of the old-age insurance in our country reflects the trend of integration. Its development history comes down to three development stages: the stage of dual structure in urban and rural areas, urban and rural co-ordination stage and urban-rural preliminary integrated stage. But the integration of current only cover part of the insured, the implicit unfairness and low design efficiency obviously is difficult to eliminate under the integrated semi state.(3) Basic old-age insurance for urban and rural integration includes fundamental pension and individual pensionThe integration system contains fundamental pension and individual pension, which fundamental pension orients to all the members of the society and the funds come from the central government, pursuits fairness between all the insured person; individual pension come from individual contributions, unit pay and local finance, embodies moderate efficiency and fairness adapt to the local’s economic and social state as well as reflects the efficiency of individual contributions. And from the perspective of the unified planning level, the fundamental pension is fit for national co-ordination, and individual pension is fit for province level as a whole.(4) The basic old-age insurance for urban and rural integration should follow five basic principles and fully consider the nine factorsThe basic principles of the integration of the basic old-age insurance includes: covering all members of society; adapting to the level of economic development; meeting basic living needs of the people; mixing together fairness and efficiency; promoting the labor mobility,and coordinating with social security system. Integration of the old-age insurance system is facing various kinds of influence factors including the financing model, coverage, urban and rural population age structure, community average income and its growth rate, the proportion of financing, inflation rate, investment rate of return of the fund, pension replacement rate,pension adjustment mechanism and so on.(5) The integration of urban and rural basic old-age insurance pay attention to fairness and efficiencyBased on system integration design, the point of view to meet basic consumption needs,scholars about the standard unit of consumption calculation method and historical data,fundamental pension and individual pension replacement rate are predicted and calculated.The measurement period was extended to 2030. First calculates the level of pensions of all types of people under several income and growth rate. Second predictions the elderly population in each year. On the basis of the former two, the total pension accounts need to pay and the proportion of total expenditure is forecast, which is in the range of fiscal capacity.(6) Integration of urban and rural old-age insurance financing level can be paid and in the economic and social bearing rangeAccording to the integration design of the proportion of financing and financing mode calculates, the results show that: ensuring that individuals and units can be in accordance with the provisions timely and full payment of old-age insurance premiums, under 15% of enterprise payment rate,to 2024 will appear real financial commitment of funds; and if still follow the current 20% contribution rate, the real responsibility commitment delays to 2030.This paper draws the conclusion: in accordance with the regime for the integration of design idea, standardize operation of the basic old-age insurance fund, the financing level sufficient to pay for future pension benefits.(7) Basic old-age insurance for urban and rural integration need adhere to the "two steps" path to achieve the final establishmentThe first step goal to realize the integration of the basic old-age insurance is to use about10 years time, under the existing double track system, adjust to the index system, gradually reduce the gap between the two systems, and gradually realize the social members of the pension risk“Yingbaojinbao”. The second step goal is to form a smooth operation of the integration of old-age insurance mechanism which fund raise smooth and reasonable,compensation design fairness and science, urban and rural difference disappeared, pension demand will be basically satisfied. To realize the goal, favorable external environment for the development of the system should be created, including to maintain stable economic growth,enhance financial support capacity, set up the right central responsibilities etc.