Development Of Metropolitan Area In The Perspective Of Functional Division: Mechanism And Demonstration

With the constant deepening of the global and regional scope of two level the process of economic integration, urban circle mode gradually become leading the main mode of the urban economic development. That is, in a certain region, the urban structure and development layout is gradually showing a number of large or large cities as the core, small and medium-sized cities as the periphery, and realize the clear division of functions within the urban agglomeration and industrial positioning of urban agglomeration organization form, the layout of the metropolitan area. The urban development model has gradually become the main form of regional economic development. In the thirty years of reform and opening up, the pace of industrialization and urbanization is accelerating, the current industry has formed a number of urban agglomeration system, including Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration are the more mature development of the metropolitan area. Traditional metropolis circle theory generally believes that the metropolitan circle in the process of economic development, if the urban agglomerations between various cities lack of communication and collaboration, with its own interests as the starting point to launch in the capital, talent, market and fierce competition. In the industry competing for the development of the same industry or product, which will undoubtedly lead to the consequences of the metropolitan area decreased efficiency of resource allocation, industrial convergence, vicious competition. And the key to solve this problem is how to realize the metropolis circle city as basic unit according to the division of the industrial chain of different link to the new way which is the division of urban function. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is taking the function of city as the clue to study the coordination development of industry structure and economy in the city, combing and propose the evolution mechanism of the functional division of the metropolitan area, finally combining the reality of our region level data to empirically its internal mechanism.Specifically, on the basis of the actual characteristics of the metropolitan area in china, this study from the urban functional division of labor and industrial agglomeration of the spatial pattern of the two perspectives, analysis of the functional division of the metropolitan area in China, finds that the level of the city’s core city of the functional division is very high, while other cities of the functional level is lower; For the characteristics of metropolitan agglomeration, the agglomeration of producer service industry is very high, the concentration of manufacturing industry is gradually decreasing. The manufacturing industry agglomeration degree is gradually increasing, generally forms a spatial pattern of production service industry as the core, the manufacturing industry peripheral industrial.In terms of theory, this study from two aspects of functions of metropolis circle under the condition of industrial structure and economic coordinated development mechanism. First of all, according to the NEG model, the V-R model is introduced into the model, which is based on the D-S model, the center of the Paul Krugman model and the vertical correlation model of the Wiener Bauers. First of all, according to the NEG model, the V-R model is introduced into the model, which is based on the D-S model, the center of the Paul Krugman model and the vertical correlation model of the Wiener Bauers. The V-R model is introduced to the two region three industry model to a large city as the core, which includes many small and medium-sized metropolitan areas, as the internal mechanism to explain the spatial pattern of the manufacturing industry as the center of production service industry, the internal mechanism of the spatial pattern of manufacturing industry. Secondly, the D-P model is introduced to explain the internal mechanism of the functional division of urban functions within the metropolitan area. Found that the metropolitan area in the functional division, the core city due to the convenience of infrastructure and more superior investment, research and development and exchange of environment is suitable for the development of enterprises in the development, design, marketing, after-sales and other industrial chain link, the surrounding small and medium cities are suitable for development of land cost sensitive and new technology requirements are not high production, assembly and other links. In the industry as the core city for the development of producer services, the surrounding small and medium cities suitable for the development of manufacturing industry. This division and agglomeration from the mechanism of the comb are linked up again to prove that the division is the source of agglomeration, the agglomeration is the spatial organization of division.In empirical test,, we first take the agent variables of economic agglomeration as the core variables, to analyze the influence factors of the functional division of the metropolitan area by FDI, human capital, city scale, government scale and so on. Through the research, in addition to the size of the government, there is a significant negative impact on the function of the city, and other variables have a positive impact on the functional division. Among them, the economic agglomeration factors, scientific research innovation investment, the scale of the city have a significant positive effect on the functional division. This shows that with the expansion of the scale of urban agglomeration and the increase of investment in scientific research and innovation, the number of employment in urban management departments will increase greatly, which indirectly improve the level of urban functional division. Furthermore, the municipal district’s GDP accounts for the proportion of the city’s gross economy, the agglomeration variables with some urban rural and suburban urbanization and the pace of economic development to accelerate, the interpretation of the function division of labor is gradually weakened; On the other hand, the function of the city is the core of the explanation of the variables, with the material capital investment, human capital, innovation investment, private economic development, economic openness, government intervention as the control variables, to verify the relationship between urban functional division and urban economic growth.From the study,in addition to government intervention, other explanatory variables and economic growth are positively related, and the impact of urban functional division of economic growth is a positive U type, this study empirically estimates its "inflection point" value is 1.2.From this, it is not conducive to urban economic growth when the level of urban functional division is less than "inflection point", because this time the level of division is low, each city mainly presents a kind of competition for resources and competition, so the waste of resources and efficiency is not conducive to the development of urban economy. On the contrary, when the city function level is greater than the "inflection point", it is beneficial to the growth of urban economy, at this time the city’s functional division has been at a higher level, more performance between cities is a kind of cooperation and exchange. As thus, core cities focus on the development of research and development, design and other aspects, other cities based on their own natural endowment take over the development of manufacturing, assembly and other links, each of them occupy the different segments of the industry chain, to achieve a coordinated development pattern of the benign interaction of metropolitan circle.