Study On The Desiranle Scale Of Grain-Production Family Farm

Since 1978,China implemented the household contract responsibility system to liberate the productive forces,improve the enthusiasm of farmers farming, achievement be obvious to all. But with the development of our country economy,the advance of urbanization, scattered and small scale of household management have not been able to adapt to the development of agricultural modernization requirements, can not meet the needs of agricultural production and farmers’ income,a large number of farmers leave the land to work in cities.The rural land face the problem of who farming and how to farming.This question is related to the consolidation and improvement of the rural land system, related to the country’s food security, related to China’s agricultural modernization,and has become a hot issue in the political and academic circles.In order to adapt to the requirements of agricultural production in the new period,to improve the agricultural economic efficiency and to enhance the competitiveness of agricultural products, China’s agriculture has put forward the goal of the development of intensive,large-scale new type of agricultural management main body.From the experience of developed countries in the world,it is the most reliable and efficient way to produce and manage the agricultural production. As a new type of agricultural management, family farm is not only meets the needs of agricultural production,but also meets the needs of intensive,large-scale, industrialization and market of modern agricultural management. Family farms in our country is still in initial stage,in the theoretical research, family farms haven’t unified concept, its connotation is still controversial. In actual operation, the family farm how mass in order to adapt to the current agricultural synergism, farmer income of demand, is still in the exploration.Family farms have become the focus of attention,scholars from different perspectives have been studied, and achieved a series of research results.The author believes that the study of the appropriate scale of grain-production family farm,as well as the influence factors of the farmers’ choice of the scale of agricultural land,has a theoretical significance for the study of new business entities in China;at the same time,it has important practical significance to realize the moderate scale management of agriculture and development of modern agriculture has.The author’s China center for research on problems of "san nong" at anhui university,from July 2013 to the end of 2015,Using random sampling and questionnaire interview, studied the grain-production family farms from Anhui Province and Xixian of Henan Province,which in the 18 counties (districts),48 townships and 76 administrative village of field survey,to obtain a total of 415 households farm data,the effective sample size 384.This is the main data source.Due to the size of a family farm by local natural conditions and geographical conditions of the restrictions,is closely related with the level of agriculture productivity in time, and between different planting types exist great differences, the family farm in the moderate scale of limited to the level of productivity, at this stage, the family farm area optimal investigation of rice and wheat planting two kinds of staple type planting scale, without considering the influence factors of city; because of time, energy and money and other restrictions, no long-term follow-up survey on the family farm, the only section data, rather than the panel or time-series data collected; the sample size is not big enough, more concentrated area, may cause the analysis result to have the deviation,does not represent our country grain type family farm’s basic situation.Research ideas in this paper:First, from the microscopic point of view, in data envelopment analysis (DEA) method based on the theory, based on input oriented variable returns to scale the BCC model to establish the efficiency evaluation model, using deap2.1 software in Anhui Province and Xixian of Henan Province grain-production family farm production and operation of the data processing, on grain production type of family farm scale efficiency problems.And the adjustment direction and space of the investment direction of the non effective family farm based on the investment direction are given.Secondly,the benefit structure function based on C-D function, from the most optimal interval to find grain-production family farm benefit efficiency interval in the cost income method, namely the moderate scale.Finally,on the basis of the above objective evaluation,from the subjective point of view,the study on the state of the scale of land management and its influencing factors.Paper conclusion:1.Through the empirical analysis to estimates the rice planting type family farm grain production efficiency,technical efficiency and scale efficiency optimal size within 90-110,110-130 and 270-300 three interval ranges;wheat planting family farm grain production efficiency,technical efficiency and scale efficiency of optimal scale in the 400-500 and 900-1000 two interval ranges.That is to say,grain-production family farm efficiency optimal scale solution of more than one;grain-production family farm optimal benefit range:moderate scale of rice for 110-130 acres,the moderate scale of wheat to 400-500 mus.2.The choice of the farmers’subjective intention and the maximum of the objective benefit deviation,which means that the scale of operation can not be limited by the conditions, to expand the scale of operation.3.Factors influencing farmers’choice of scale:external income gravity to farmers choice land scale state has a significant negative effect,suggesting that the farmer chooses the scale of operation brought about by the utility is low,can not meet the farmers farming land scale.But the duration of the variable coefficient is positive,can be improved by increasing the duration of the lease of land can significantly increase the size of farmers to choose the scale of agricultural land.Moreover,cost constraints do not affect the factors that affect the size of farmers’choice of farmland.Finally,the level of agricultural productivity is an important factor that affects farmers’choice of agricultural land scale.At present,the low level of agricultural productivity significantly restricts the optimal scale of production and operation.