The Research On Transformation Of Sino-Russian Timber Trade Mode After Russia’s Accession To The WTO

After the accession to the WTO, Russia changed relevant system of timber trade fulfilling the commitment, which provides a relatively loose system environment for Sino-Russian timber trade. After Russia’s accession to the WTO, the Sino-Russian timber trade volume continued to decline, but the demand for timber in China has a sustained growth. Therefore, how to take measures to actively cope with is a difficult problem to be solved urgently. Based on the changes related to Russia after Russia’s accession to the WTO, the dissertation carries out the research. With the adjustment and changing of Sino-Russian timber trade as the breakthrough point, analyzing from both the macroscopic government level and the microscopic enterprise level, the dissertation puts forward the operative new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade, providing policy recommendations and theoretical support for the government to make the policy of Sino-Russian timber trade and Import and improve enterprises’export trade benefits.In the first place, the dissertation cardings the situation of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO. The research results show that the decline of Sino-Russian timber trade volume and the significant narrowing of Russian timber in Chinese market range reflect the weakening comparative advantage for Russian timber in Chinese market, and the old mode of Sino-Russian timber trade in the early days after Russia’s accession to the WTO has delayed the development of Sino-Russian timber trade.Secondly, the dissertation analyzes the main factors influencing transformation of Sino-Russian timber trade mode after Russia’s accession to the WTO. A series of system changes in Russia influence system transaction costs of Sino-Russian timber trade, which determine the choice of Sino-Russian timber trade mode. And this is a distinctive research perspective. The dissertation accurately interprets the related systems, statutory provisions of timber trade and production changes of timber enterprises after Russia’s accession to the WTO, finding that institutional change and productivity change of timber enterprises directly influence the choice of Sino-Russian timber trade mode. The perspective of the research transfers to the microscopic enterprise level from the national level and industry level, which closes to reality of Sino-Russian timber trade.Thirdly, the dissertation analyzes the theory evidence constructing new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO. From the perspective of macro system, the informal contract system of Sino-Russian timber trade cannot avoid the occurrence of opportunistic behaviors by the credit mechanism. The formal contract system has improved the compliance rate of Sino-Russian timber trade. And the implementing quality of contract system influences changes of the transaction cost. Based on the change trend of the transaction cost, the dissertation tries to construct the new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO. The research results show that the system factor influences the trade mode through the transaction cost. From the perspective of micro companies, the dissertation puts forward that constructing new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO should improve the productivity of timber industry. Through concentration of trade, low productivity enterprises withdrawing and high productivity enterprises entering export market, trade liberalization raises industry productivity, leading to the change of trade mode by technological innovation or by getting more market share and realizing economies of scale. A premise of improving the productivity of heterogeneous timber companies is that China has effective timber demand for Russian timber.Fourthly, the dissertation analyzes the macroscopic foundations of realizing the new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO. After Russia’s accession to the WTO, system transaction cost of Sino-Russian timber trade comes from both informal contract and formal contract. And the dissertation estimates the transaction costs by Novi gravity model. The research results show that system transaction costs rise after the first dropping.Fifthly, the dissertation analyzes the microscopic foundations of realizing the new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO. The research results show that typical heterogeneous timber companies are in the stage of increasing returns to scale after Russia’s accession to the WTO, whose productivity is higher than the industry productivity. To a certain extent, the essential productive factors of the timber companies do not match. It is difficult for the companies to employ workers. With the price of Russian timber continuing to decline and the costs of employing workers continuing to rise, small and medium-sized timber companies with low productivity are unable to get profit, and can only go bankrupt or restructure.The final part of the dissertation is putting forward the new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade after Russia’s accession to the WTO and the implementing countermeasures. The new mode is composed of the government guidance model of Sino-Russian timber trade mainly based on bulk timber commodity and the market guidance model of Sino-Russian timber trade. Meanwhile, from both the government level and the enterprise level, the dissertation offers the implementing countermeasures of the new mode of Sino-Russian timber trade.