Study On The Fauna And Biogeography Of Sawflies On Qinling Mts.and The South Of Gansu Province

Qinling Mts. lies across central China, from the western Lintao in Gansu Provi-nce to the eastern Lushan in Henan Province, forms the watershed between the Chang-jiang River and the Yellow River, is the boundary between the subtropical zone and warm temperate zone and the northern distribution boundary of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. Because of the special geography location, Qinling Mts. made the local fauna of animal and plant be rich and complex, proves to be a key area of the floristic characteristics, the origin and evolution of China plants and animals.From May2005to July2009, the author collected more than4000sawfly specimens in Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve, Wen County, Li County, Kang County, Tianshui City, Maijishan Forest Park, Xiaonongshan National Nature Reserve, Huashan Scenic Spot, Lantian County, Chang'an District of Xi'an City, Zhouzhi County, Taibai County, Baoji County, Taibaishan National Nature Reserve, Zhongnanshan Forest Park, Danfeng County, Zhen'an County, Foping National Nature Reserve, Liuba County and Feng County. The author also searched the sawfly specimens of Qinling Mts. and Gansu Province that are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSCS). Totally869sawfly species(including subspecies) belonging to10family and164genera are recorded from Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province during the research period. Among them,229species (including subspecies) are undescribed,1genera and5species are recorded for the first time in China,2genera and166species are firstly recorded in Shaanxi Province,1specie is separately recorded for the first time in Gansu Province and Henan Province.Following30new species, Hemitaxonus longitheca sp. nov., Nematus bail sp. nov., Shenia nigrocornis sp. nov., Taxonus linealina sp. nov., Taxonus omeiensis sp. nov., Taxonus zhuxuni sp. nov., Xenapatidea zhui sp. nov., Aglaostigma circulella sp. nov., Aglaostgima tricoloricorne sp. nov., Aglaostigma wangae sp. nov., Aglaostigma zhengi sp. nov., Conaspidia occipitalis sp. nov., Eriocampa liui sp. nov., Macrophya circulotibialis sp. nov., Macrophya hemojuni sp. nov., Macrophya infuscipennis sp. nov., Macrophya leucotrochanterata sp. nov., Macrophya maculoepimera sp. nov., Macrophya melanopodalia sp. nov., Macrophya melanosomata sp. nov., Macrophya yangi sp. nov., Rhogogaster longicornis sp. nov., Rhogogaster zhangae sp. nov., Beleses huangi sp. nov., Beleses nigronervis sp. nov., Beleses yangi sp. nov., Nesotaxonus leucotarsi sp. nov., Nesotomostethus aphelinus sp. nov., Nesotomostethus punctatus sp. nov. and Niea acuata sp. nov., are described and illustrated. Type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology.According to China insects fauna compartmentalization measure, fauna analysis of Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province shows that, East Asian fauna elements are the principal part, accounting for90.44%of total species. The Oriental-Palaearctic elements are4.83%, the Oriental elements2.07%, the Palaearctic elements1.73%, the Oriental-Holarctic elements0.69%, the Holarctic elements0.69%, the cosmopolitan elements0.69%. Among the4East Asian elements, the Himalaya-northeast Asia elements are44.27%, the Qinling Mts. distrbition elements are35.50%, the east of eastern Asia cosmopolitan elements are18.70%, the south of Gansu Province distrbition elements are1.53%.According to the formula of dual similarity index which Shen Xiaocheng, Sun Hao and Zhao Huadong dudeced in2008, the sawfly faunas of Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province, Henan Province, Gansu Province, Shandong Province, Shanxi Province, Shenlongjia of Hubei Province, Liupanshan of Linxia Province, Dabieshan of Anhui Province, Maoershan of Guangxi Province and the districts of Beijing City, Tianjin City and Hebei Province (BTH) are calculated. The similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Henan Province is the highest (0.4989). The second is the similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Gansu Province (0.4719), and the similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Shenlongjia of Hubei Province is the third (0.3058). The similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Shanxi Province is0.1783, the similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Liupanshan of Linxia Province is0.1397, the similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and BTH is0.1127. Others are not more than0.1000, and the similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Shandong Province is the lowest (0.0381). The similarity index between the Southern slope and the Northern slope of Qinling Mts. is0.2974, closing to the similarity index between Qinling Mts. and the south of Gansu Province and Shenlongjia of Hubei Province.