Research About Effective Ingredients Of Magnolia Officinalis Based On Their Antioxidant Activity

Magnolia Officinalis, a traditional herb in Chinese medicine decoction, has been widely used to treat dissolving phlegm, eliminating dampness, gastrointestinal complaints, anxiety and nervous disturbance. In recent years, many studies have fouced on its components, magnolol and honokiol, however, more studies have comfirmed that microelement, essential oil, different solvent extractions and polysaccharides are the bioactive ingredients in plants, thus it is necessary to study about microelement, essential oil, different solvent extractions and polysaccharides of Magnolia Officinalis.The microelements are associated with the human life, but also related to the effect of chinese medicine in decoction. The chemical speciation of six microelements were traced and analyzed in the aqua decoction of magnolia officinalis by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The contents of Fe, Cu, Zn were higher than the other three microelements'in crude drug, and the order was Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni. The results of the primary form analysis showed that the extration rate of Ni was the highest. Furthermore, the sub-form distribution indicated that the concentrations of these trace elements in the particulate species were far greater than in the soluble species, the order of microelements in soluble species was Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni. Most of microelements were inorganic species. Particularly, the content of Fe was the highest in the aqua decoction. The stable species of Mn and Ni were 99.85% and 94.38%, respectively.The hydro-distilled essential oil from Magnolia Officinalis was analyzed by GC/MS, and the major components wereβ-eudesmol,10-epi-γ-eudesmol,2-isopropenyl-4a,8-dimethyl-1,2, 3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene,β-selinene, (3-caryophyllene, cadalene andβ-cadinene. 10-epi-γ-eudesmol,2-isopropenyl-4a,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene and cadalene were found in magnolia species. The essential oil of Magnolia officinalis possessed antioxidant and antibateria activities. Moreover, the oil exhibited obvious activity against Staphylococcus aureus.The antioxidant and antibateria experiments were carried out to evaluate different solvent extractions. Different solvent extractions exhibited different antioxidant, antibacteria and antitumor activities. And the Total polyphenols content and total tannin content were measured to find out the relationship between the TPC/TTC and antioxidant acitivities. Magnolol and honokiol were isolated from the extraction which showed the high antitumor activity.The polysaccharides were the major bioactive ingredients of Magnolia Officinalis. In the study, we investigated the yield of polysaccharides from magnolia officinal under different extraction temperatures, extraction times and water/material ratios by using the response surface methodology (RSE). The optimal water extraction conditions for polysaccharides were as followes:extraction temperature of 93.7℃, extraction time of 3.25 h and a water/material ratio of 26.2:1. And macroporous adsorption resin of ADS-7 which had the best effect on decolorization of magnolia officinalis polysaccharides was chosen from 6 kinds of macroporous adsorption resins with decolorization rate, deproteinization rate and retention rate of polysaccharides as indices, and the optimum technique of decolorization was studied by orthogonal experimental method. The optimum conditions of decolorization were as follows:polysaccharides concentration was 0.2%, decoloring temperature was 45℃and decoloring time was 2 hours. In the optimum contiditons, the macroporous resin of ADS-7 could remove most pigments, and at the same time it could remove a lot of proteins.And then, the bioactive activities of polysaccarides of Magnolia Officinalis were studied. The polysaccharides were extracted by hot water and divided into three fractions. The molecular weights of the three polysaccharides fractions ranged from 5.6 to 9.4 kDa,4.7 to 5.4 kDa and 3.9 to 4.2 kDa, respectively. The results of experiments about antioxidant acvities showed that compared with the polysaccharides fractions with molecular weight 5.6 to 9.4 kDa and 4.7 to 5.4 kDa, the lowest molecular weight polysaccharides fractions with 3.9 to 4.2 kDa exhibited the highest antioxidant activities and the strongest cytotoxic activity in MCF-7 cells. On the base of antioxidant activities, the homogeneous polysaccharide was isolated from the lowest molecular weight polysaccharides, its molecular weight was 1052.