The New Water Insoluble Fungicides Developed

At present, more and more macromolecule polymers have been used as carriers on the research and preparation of insoluble bactericides which are the developing hotspots in the recent years, but inorganic carriers have been involved rarely. Involving the references of preparing insoluble bactericides with silica gel as carrier, bactericidal groups mainly have been carried on the silica carrier by the adsorptive manner. There exist the defects of efficiency and residual poison by the application of oxidizing bactericides and the quaternary ammonium salt bactericides that are still widely used at present. For the quaternarv phosphonium salt bactericides that are appearance in recent years and have showed good antibacterial characteristics of high activity and velocity, broad-spectrum et al, raw materials and reagents for preparation are often difficult to be obtained, present products had still some-what water solubility. For the polymeric bactericides, research on the bactericidal mechanism and relationship between structures and antibacterial activity should be further study intensively. On the background above discussed, the dissertation aims at tlying to seek better solutions for above problems.Silica gel is a kind of carrier with the characteristics of broad sources, cheap price and environmental amity, it is very preponderantthat carry bactericidal groups to prepare insoluble bactericides. In this dissertation the hydroxide radicals on the surface of silica gel have been used to carry through refined organic synthesis. For the first time the synthesizing routes have been designed that quaternary ammonium salt bactericidal groups are chemically carried on silica gel carriers to prepare insoluble silica gel bactericides with -y-Chlopropyltrimethoxysilane and y-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as the coupling agents of coupling silica gels and bactericidal groups. With respect to y-Chlopropyltrimethoxysilane as the coupling agents, firstly silica gels reacted with y-chlopropyltrimethoxysilanes. The silica gels carried y-chlopropyltrimethoxysilanes possess chloralkyl group liable reactive centers, so that the chlorpropyl groups on silica gels then reacted with tertiary amines.. so giving bactericidal quaternary ammonium groups via C-N band to prepare insoluble silica gel quaternary ammonium salt bactericides. With respect to -y-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as the coupling agents, firstly silica gels reacted with-y-aminopropyltrimethoxysilanes. The silica gels carried with y- aniinopropyltrimethoxysilanes possess aminopropyl group liable reactive centers. Using the liable reactive centers, bactericidal quaternarv ammonium groups were carried on the surface of silica gel by two designing routes. One route was that the amino-groups on the silica gel were transformed to tertiary amines by Eschweiler-clarke reaction thatamine-groups react with formaldehyde and methanoic acid to prepare tertiary amines; the silica gel intermediates with tertiary amine groups reacted with chorohydrocarbons to prepare insoluble silica gel quaternary animonium salt bactericides. Another route was that the amino-groups on the silica gel reacted with excessive chlorohexadecane; the prepanng intermediates were quaternized with iodomethane to obtain insoluble silica gel quaternary ammonium salt bactericides. The reacting conditions of each step have been studied, the structure characteristics of materials, intermediates and products have been determined.Although the oxidative chlorinous bactericides such as chlorine, hypochlorite and hydantion with cyclic chloro-imine have been widely used in the bactericide and alaicide in the treatment of industry and potable-water, these bactericidal compounds are unstable in water and exist the question of residual poison. In this dissertation the insoluble bactericide was prepared by the chlorinous hydantion as the bactericidal group loaded to the polystyrene carrier. For the first time the following synthesizing route to prepare insoluble hydantion bactericide has been designed. F...