| Forest is the cradle of the human being who creates modern culture focusing on ourselves and is destroying forest environment after going out of forest. How to effectively protect and scientifically utilize forest is becoming a hot topic gradually. Forest park is a new forest management type in recent years and is a key part and a window of complete forest ecology system, developed forestry industry and prosperous forest culture system based on typical forest landscape resource and ecology culture aiming at harmony development of ecology, economy and culture in human society.The first Chinese national forest park, named as Zhangjiajie National Forest Park was set up in Hunan province, and Hunan province is the No.1which not only has the most but the best forest parks. It is the1st time to set up the evaluation system and model of forest park systematically and scientifically, by which the landscape resources properties and culture level could be mathematically calculated which results show the advantage and disadvantage of the forest park aiming at instructing on the development strategies in the future.Firstly, the landscape resources of representative forest parks in Hunan including Taohuayuan, Jiulongjiang, Daweishan, Daxiongshan, Hupingshan, Mangshan, Yunshan, Shunhuangshan and Zhangjiajie forest parks) were systematically investigated and classified into five types which were geography landscape, biology landscape, hydrology landscape, human landscape and astronomy landscape. The main properties of Hunan forest parks landscape resources were concluded into high richness, harmony, plenty biology resources, dynamic union, red historical basis, special geology resources, rich biology resources and distinct human culture characters based on manifestations of landscape patch, fragmentation degree and connection degree according to their time-space distribution.The typical landscape index such as landscape patch index, landscape diversity, spatial structure index, edge density, shape index, contagion index, separation degree, landscape richness and Shannon diversity index were selected from patches level, patches type and landscape level data by using ARCGIS and Fragstats soft wares to study on landscape patterns. The forest resources of each landscape areas were collected for calculation of landscape properties using land type and forest species as factors by Fragstats method. The properties of forest landscape resources were analyzed and evaluated innovatively not only by using quantitative method, Analytic Hierarchy Process method and3S technologies but also by creatively setting up evaluation model of3D-CA-landscape (3D), and the results showed that the forest landscape resources of Hunan forest park was the level II so as to put forward protective development strategy, to explore the utilization model and law and to instruct positive and sustainable development.Secondly, the forest culture was divided into forming period (prehistory-Qin Han dynasty), developing period (Han-Sui Tang-Liang Song dynasty), prosperous period (Ming Qing dynasty) and modern times (since20th century), and Hunan forest culture played an important role, even the key role in each period, so the classification result of forest culture shows the special Hunan properties.In order to recognize the forest culture directly, to judge the forest culture level, to instruct the forest culture development better, the evaluation system and level index of forest culture were attempted to be put forward, and the factors were pointed to mathematically calculate the forest culture level. Meanwhile, the quantization evaluation index were defined and the weight coefficients were calculated by advanced AHP to scientifically determine standard values of each index for evaluation system.The forest culture level indexes were evaluated and the results are changed into centesimal grade. The index factors and each impact factors were selected from four standard forest culture levels including material culture, spirit culture, system culture and behavior culture according to structure, development period of forest culture and properties of forest park. Each standard level and impact factor were noted and defined so as to show the forest culture accurately. The forest culture was classified into5grades, which were â… , â…¡, â…¢, â…£ and â…¤ based on the results of level index.The results showed that forest culture products, forest parks number and forest resources in Hunan province were better which reflect the achievements of forest park culture propertied and forest tours, and also showed that there were huge potential in forest park advantaged culture construction, ancient and famous trees, management and service level, forest activities and forest science popularization activities. The final score was67.3compared with total score was100, and the grade was â…¢ which was in middle level. Therefore, forest parks in Hunan province should strengthen basic construction, enlarge propagation, rephrase rules application and develop excellent resources to accelerate the forest parks into grade â…¡ rapidly and even into grade â… .In a word, based on the study results of Hunan forest park landscape resources properties and forest culture by using advanced evaluation modle of3D-CA-landscape (3D) and layer analysis method, the development strategy of Hunan forest parks was concluded as carrying out forest park management system strictly, designing special tour products elaborately and strengthening investment, propagation and construction of forest culture.
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