| Propolis is a glue-like substance (a mixture of gums,resins and balms,ofviscous consistency),which are gathered on certain parts (buds and bark,mainly) ofsuch trees as willow poplar birch, osier and oak by honeybee. They bring this back tothe hive, which it is modified and mixed with other substance (essentially their ownwax and salivary secretions). Propolis has been used as a folk remedy for treatingvarious ailment for several thousand years,mainly in Europe.In recent year, several hundred compounds were isolated from propolis, such asflavonoids, flavonols,dihydroflavonols and organic acids. Propolis has been shown tohave a range of therapeutic properties,including antipathogenic microorganism,initiating immune defences, antitumous effect, antioxidant effect, wound healing andtissue repair effects, anti-inflammatory effects and cardiovascular effects. Clinicalstudies have shown propolis to be effective in the treatment of bronchitis and similardisorders; influenza and herpes; ringworm and skin fungi; a range of dental disorders;skin ulcers and ear infections.Propolis expoitaion and utilization were late in China and studies of propolispharmacology and propolis products processing technology were also obsent. In thispaper, based on studies of propolis products processing, the biological methods wereestabilished for evaluaing propolos and its producs antioxidant effects andpromoting the physical performance og rats. The results are as follows: â‘ Usingmethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and chloroform to purify the crudepropolis, the results showed that both methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol could be usedto extract and purify the crude propolis, ethyl acetate and chloroform were notadequated for extracting the crude propolis and technique parameter were alsodetermined. â‘¡In order to produce water-soluble propolis, surface acting agents(Tween-20,Twen-40,Tween-60 and Tween-80) were used to enhance the solubilityof purified propolis. The results demonstrated that Twen-20 was a best kind ofsoboi1izer. @ EnZymatic treatmnt could increase juice yield of Chinese Date, theteclmical parameters were also obtained. Maltodextrine was used tO irnPfOveperformance of propolis-Jujube poWder, When adding maltbdextrine to Jujube juice,95% PrOpolis-Jujube powder could be abained. @ The protective action of propolisethyl alcohol extract on oxygen-centred free radicals(in vitrO) was examined in rats.The results showed thad propolis c0uld significanly inhibit peroxy radicals andhydroxyl radicals with dose-dependent effect, Propolis could also inhbit the rate ofoxidative modification ofyo1k lipoprotein induced by iron with dose-dependellt effect.@ The results showed that propolis significanly inhibit lipid peroxidation of rat liverndcrosomes induced by active oxygen radicals with dose-dependent effect, propolis-Jujube poWder and propolis were adrninistered orally one time in dose of 40mg and2g&g per day for four weeks, alloxan-induced hepatic injury in rats was reduced andthe levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) in rats liver lower than model grouP anddifferences betWeen the two grouPs were statistically significanly(P<0.0l). ProPOlis-Jujube poWder could also significanly inhibit lipid peroxidation of rat blood and ratbrain tissue. It was found that propolis and propolis-Jujube powder sighficanlyreduced the elevations of suPeroside dimutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase and lipidperoxidation in rats induced by alloxan. @ propolis-Jujube poWder could increaseobviously the liver-glycogen, release the injUry of hemoglobin induced by severeexercise. Propolis-Jujube poWder coLild also prolong the swimming time of ratS, helpthe exhausted rats restore themselves and make the increased SOD,MDA,LDH retUmto normal. These results suggested that propolis and propolis-Jujube poWder exaclyhave the action of inhibiting active oxygen free radicals and promOting the Physicalpefformance of rats.
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