Rabbit And Rat Ampk Gene Polymorphism And Skeletal Muscle Gene Expression Differences

Intramuscular Fat Content plays important roles in the developing of meat quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological and biochemistry effect of the deposition of intramuscular fat and to study the assistant molecular marker of intramuscular fat in selected breeding programs in animals. First, discipline, high fat feedstuff and soy peptides were used to study the effect of the developing of intramuscular fat, DDRT-OCR technology was developed to research the gene expression difference of skeleton muscle affected by deposition of intramuscular fat, SSCP technology was used to study the polymorphism of AMPK gene, which has a regulated action in energy and matter metabolic, associations between polymorphism and intramuscular fat content and other production traits were also studied. The results were as follows: (1) the body weight of the rats, with long term high fat feedstuff, were lower than the compared group, but the fat in liver and skeleton muscle was increased significantly (P<0.01), and this symptom improved when did some discipline or added some soy peptides; (2) Body weight, eviscerated weight and intramuscular fat content of Japanese big eared rabbits were higher than that of field rabbits (P<0.05); (3) The expression difference of Ldh-A and PDE gene were found in the skeleton muscle between discipline and non-discipline rats, that is, two genes expression were found in discipline group, but the expression level was lower in non-discipline group; (4) the difference of expression level of the MGF and Ch25h were detected in Japanese big eared rabbits and field rabbits; (5) In Japanese big eared rabbits group, a loci insert mutation, T was found at 1351 bp position of PRKAA1 gene, which encoding AMPKα1, significant correlations between mutation genotypes and intramuscular fat content were found; (6) In Japanese big eared rabbits group, one base insert mutation, C was found at 1531 bp position of PRKAG1 gene, which encoding AMPKγ1, none significant correlations between each genotypes and body weight, eviscerated weight and intramuscular fat content were found; (7) PRKAA2 gene, which encoding AMPKα2, has no genotype difference by SSCP technology in Japanese big eared rabbits group and field rabbits group, but a single nucleotide loci mutations was A→G at 1754 bp position was detected by the automated sequencing, and significant difference between the two groups by body weight, eviscerated weight and intramuscular fat content were found; (8) The analysis of the polymorphism of PRKAA1 and PRKAG2, which coding AMPKα2 andγ2 subunit, indicated that a synonymy-meaning mutations were found at 1944 bp position in PRKAA2 gene, but one A insert mutations were found at 3429 bp site of PRKAG2, and formed a termination codon, which resulted in a 1143 amino acids residue, these two mutations detected has no associated with intramuscular fat content and body weight by statistic analysis. Our experiments yield knowledge into (1) Feeding environments, containing feedstuffs (fat content, feed additives), feeding methods and so on, effect energy metabolic and matter metabolic, so it is useful to change meat quality through feeding methods, otherwise bring disadvantage factor to breeding; (2) The polymorphism of genes, such as Ldh-A,PDE,MGF,Ch25h, by DDRT-PCR technology, will be valuable as assisted markers in production characters, including lean rate, body daily gain, low cholesterin, and so on. (3) As for important metabolic factor in fat, sugar and proteins, AMPKα1 subunit could be an assisted marker in breeding of intramuscular fat content in animals.