Study On Literature Of Dryness Syndrome And Its Treatment-recipe-medicines

Dryness, as a syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine, is elaborated by many doctors from etiology, pathology, symptoms, treatment or medicine since《Neijing》. Although the literature is rich, the "dispersion" of information is big. Different people are aware of it limitedly, unsystematically and subjectively. The definition and syndrome system of dryness is not clear that has become a big obstacle to research it. In recent years the dryness research has attracted some attention, but study systematically is still deficient. The content and method still are confined to the individual cases, and there is no special database for dryness.The research of northwest dryness syndrome studied by the professor of Zhou Mingxin suggests that there are extensive pathological damages and high incidence especially in the northwestern region. It may be a basis illnesses or physical characteristics that is hazardous to the majority patients' health. So it is necessary to establish the syndrome standardization, prevention and treatment.The first prerequisite to develop TCM is succession that must be based on literature of TCM, which contains a lot of clinical knowledge. So studying dryness is significant for prevention and treatment in clinic. Above of all, dryness literature systematically from ancient to modern are planed to research, based on the experience and technical platform built by tutor.Objective: investigate systematically, collect and reorganize information to get the integrated datum. And then arrange definition, origin, and analyze syndromes, distribution principles, etiology and pathogenesis system, principles of treatment and prescription laws, filtrate target prescription, establish the theory system, summarize and discover the new thinking connection and provide clues for establishing prevention and treatment project.Methods and contents: investigate mainly dryness literature material of TCM from the Qin and Han Dynasty to the modern times, and identify, reorganize the original documents. There are 6310 medical cases, 483 syndromes, 297 informations of etiology and pathology collected, 234 rules and methods, 110 typical cases from famous experts, 129 prescriptions of dryness. Compile "the regulation of dryness information in ancient TCM books". With mathematical statistic, the TCM logic, the analogy and dose metrology methods, analyze the concept of dryness, contrast between ancient and modern dryness, new thinking development, the laws of dry symptoms, the characteristic and the constitution of etiology and pathology, the treatment principles, the prescription ranges. Based a great deal of datum and conclusion, construct the dryness system.Results: 1) Dryness research in different dynasty and academic innovation features are different. From ZhanGuo to Qin, Han dynasty,《Neijing》laid the theoretical foundation, Zhang Zhong-jin found treatment of endogenous dryness. From Wei to Tang dynasty the diversity characteristics of pathogenesis were been introduced. Much treatment experience was been proposed in Song and Jin, Yuan dynasty. The autumn dryness was been established in Ming and Qing dynasty; 2) Dry symptoms among 4,310 cases and 463 symptoms occupy 24.1～24.9%. The distribution of 15 typical dryness symptoms in the 1,073 cases from famous experts, and 113 syndromes related with dryness show the cumulative frequency of, six symptoms has reached 85.22%, including drying tongue; cough, drying defecation, drying throat, thirsty and less urine. The main syndromes in the dryness cases are related with Northwest Dryness cases, and modifications are not. Syndrome of asthenia of the liver and kidney in the "northwest dryness syndrome" distribute widely. It has some hiding symptoms, such as convulsion, flauidity, syncope with convulsion and amenorrhea; 3) It is a general consensus that etiology and incidence features, dry evil is a main risk factors for the outside dryness in 63 ancient medical books and 297 information from Qin, Han dynasty to now. The dryness evil can come from six exopathogens that has time sequential and regional features. Dryness evil is easy to take place in the autumn and northwest region. The excessive climate of the autumn was easily lead to the outside dryness syndrome. The etiology of endogenous dryness syndrome are error treatment, irregular diet, emotionally internal injuries, phlegm obstruct, the excessive labor and so on. The etiologies of northwest dryness syndrome are related with region, time sequence, local environment, constitution and other outside factors. The injuries of pathogenesis of the outside dryness syndrome are that dry evil outsides attacks, qi can't distribute body fluid; dry-fiery evil outsides attacks, burns body fluid; the excessive dry-fiery, and evil in Wei-lung cues; The dry evil long halter, and injured really Yam of liver and kidney. Those of the endogenous dryness syndrome are that the endogenous dry-fiery, injured body fluid; Stopping food stagnation; phlegmatic-stagnation and the obstacle of body fluid distribution. The main part of the pathogenesis damage is viscera. Although clinical syndromes are complex and diverse, it is mainly excessive dryness and dysfunction of the viscera. The dry evil is transmitted from the mouth, nose and skin in Northwest dryness. The pathogenesis damages conclude the body fluid, blood and yin essential of liver and kidney. The outside dryness is divided into 11 syndrome differentiations, endogenous dryness includes 9, and Northwest dryness are composed of 7 common types; 4) Literature research finds 32 syndromes are treated as dryness. Doctors use different methods to treat dryness from Qin dynasty to now; 5) Cumulative frequency of Chinese herb reaches 88.13%, which are for tonicity, relieving cough and asthma, clearing away heat, exterior syndrome purgative, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, regulating Qi, inducing diuresis and excreting dampness. They are the main drug categories for treatment of dryness. Drags for tonifying, drags for relieving cough and asthma, drags for clearing away heat, drags for exterior syndrome are commonly used drag, which cumulative frequency reached 69.34%. Drags for replenishing qi, drags for nourishing blood and drags for nourishing yin are the main drag in the drags for tonifying. They accounted for beneficial use of drags frequency of 99%. Drags of nourishing blood and drags of nourishing Yin than the weighted frequency of drags of replenishing Qi and notifying Yang. Cold warm and ping are the most that accounted for 95.8% in four properties. Sweet, bitter, pungent are the most that accounted for 95.5% in the five. Cold and sweet ranked first in the four properties and five. Pertaining organs are mainly lung,heart,liver, spleen, stomach, bladder, kidney, large intestine. Cumulative frequency of lung, heart, liver, spleen is 93.57%. Herb pertaining to lung occupies 38.7%. Secondly herb pertaining to heart is 24.6%, herb pertaining to liver is 15.7%, and herb pertaining to spleen is 14.5%. The top 20 herbs of the maximum frequency are licorice root, ligusticum, rehmannia, dride, rhizome, apricot seed, rhubarb, ophiopogonis tuber, paeoniae radix, hemp fruit, peach seed, gelatina nigra, ginseng, platycodon root, scutellaria, prepared-rhizome-of ehmannia, field-mint, gypsum, tuckahoe, zingiberis recens, anemarrhenae, mulberry leaf. Dryness prescriptions are different in efficacy, four climates, the five kind flavors and pertaining meridian. Which are showed between HanTang and JinYuan dynasty.Conclusion: 1) Dryness research in six dynasties is different, but doctors' experience is abundant and science flunking is clear; 2) The dryness distributing in various syndromes hints it may be a foundation disease or constitution characteristic distributed widely. It also proves the theory of "the yin is often not enough" in TCM is objective and scientific. Drying tongue, cough, drying defecation, drying throat, thirsty and less urine are common symptoms of dryness. The damages of northwest dryness are serious; 3) The etiology and pathology have diversity, dryness has time sequential and regional features, damage scope is extensive and classifications and structure are various; 4) Treatment methods are various, indication scope is wide, science thinking is reasonable and theory foundation is sufficient; 5) Medicine scope in the dryness prescriptions is wide. Prescriptions and herbs often used are clear theoretically and clinical practice is adequate, which offer reference for establishing project of prevention and treatment.