| The main cause for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is Insulin Resistance, which has abnormal secretion of adipocytokin as one of its important mechanisms. The adipocytokin, together with not only other nervous system and endocrinosity, but also immune organ, make up a network in which nerve system, endocrinosity system and immune system are widely connected. In this network, peroxisome prolifcratoractivated receptor gamma (PPART) performs as a regulator working in upper reaches of cytokine.Moderate exercise may lower body weight, reduce insulin resistance, give relief to insulinemia and regulate lipid metabolic. Studies on influences of moderate exercise to PPARγand adipocytokin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model rats can help to understand the function of moderate exercise that is it can improve the performance of Insulin Resistance and may provide scientific basis to prove that moderate exercise does have a role in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The aims of this study are as follows: First, it aims to watch the influences of exercise therapeutics on factors such as weight, blood glucose, blood lipid, serum insulin and free fat acid of rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and healthy ones. Second, it aims to watch the changes of adiponectin, resistin, TNF-αand PPARγmRNA in adipose tissue, hypothalamus, skeletal muscle of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model. Third, it aims to watch the influences of gradually exercise to health rats adipose tissue, hypothalamus, skeletal muscle in adiponectin, resistin, TNF-αand PPARγmRNA. Last, it aims to watch the influences of exercise therapeutics to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model adipose tissue, hypothalamus, skeletal muscle in adiponectin, resistin, TNF-αand PPARγmRNA to understand functions of adiponectin, resistin, TNF-αand PPARγin insulin resistance.Method of this study: first, 50 Sprague- Dawley rats are used and grouped into 4: one group is used as non-training comparative group, another one is used as training group, and the remaining two are use as non-training and training group of rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, in which STZ and high fat diet are used to make Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model. For rats with Diabetes Mellitus, they are feed on high fat fodder; While for those remaining rats, they are feed on common fodder. Then, 8 weeks of swimming exercises with increasing amount gradually are given by the training group. In the first week, it lasts 20 minute for one time; in the second, it lasts 30 minutes and then for each week following, 10 minutes are added till it reaches 90 minutes. 24 hours after 8 weeks' training, blood of rats is run up from ventricle and then their hypothalamus, adipose and muscle are tested.Results of this study: First, compared with non-training comparative group, concentrations of serum FFA and LDL-C of rats in health and training group decease. Concentrations of serum HDL-C in rats with Diabetes Mellitus decease and at the same time, these rats' concentrations of FFA, TC, TG and LDL-C increase. Insulin sensitive index of rats with Diabetes Mellitus decreases dramatically compared with rats in non-training comparative group but Insulin sensitive index of rats with Diabetes Mellitus in training group increases dramatically compared with rats with Diabetes Mellitus in non-training group. Second, compared with rats in non-training comparative group, adiponectin of rats with Diabetes MeUitus in non-training group decreases dramatically in three tissues and compared with rats in healthy training group and non-training comparative group, it increases in skeletal muscular tissue and adipose tissue. Compared with rats with Diabetes Mellitus in non-training group, adiponectin of rats with Diabetes Mellitus in training group increases in skeletal muscular tissue and adipose tissue. Third, compared with rats in non-training comparative group, resistin of rats with Diabetes Mellitus in non-training group increases dramatically in three tissues and compared with the same group, only resistin of rats in healthy training group decreases in skeletal muscular tissue and adipose tissue. Compared with rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in non-training group, resistin in adipose tissue of rats with Diabetes Mellitus in training group decreases. Forth, compared with non-training comparative group, TNF-αof rats with Diabetes Mellitus both in non-training and training group increases dramatically in three tissues and compared with the same group, TNF-αof rats in healthy training group decreases dramatically in adipose tissue and hypothalamus . Compared with rats with Diabetes Mellitus in non-training group, change of TNF-αof skeletal muscle in training group of rats with Diabetes Mellitus is more obvious, while for the remaining two tissues, there is no such obvious change. Last, compared with non-training comparative group, PPARγof rats with Diabetes Mellitus in both non-training and training group decreases dramatically and compared with the same group, PPARγof rats in healthy training group increases dramatically. Compared with rats with Diabetes Mellitus in non-training group, PPARγof rats with Diabetes Mellitus in training group increases dramatically.Conclusions: First, gradully training can heighten concentrations of serum FFA, TC, TG and LDL-C of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model rats and at the same time lower concentrations of HDL-C. Second, both the decreases of PPARγand adiponectin in bodies of rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the increases of Resistance and TNF-αmost probably can be two elements of what Insulin resist. Third, exercise therapeutics can increase skeletal muscle, hypothalamus, PPARγand adiponectin in bodies of normal rats, which most probably is able to improve functions of metabolism of glucose and lipid by improving secretion level of lipocyte. Forth, exercise therapeutics can increase PPARγin Diabetes Mellitus rats' skeletal muscle, hypothalamus and adipose tissue and at the same time can lower resistin and TNF-α, whose improvement to secreted level of fat cell may most probably be one post receptor mechanism to improve insulin resistance. Last, exercise therapeutics partly improves signal transformation of adipose tissue to pancreas, adipose tissue to skeletal muscle and adipose tissue to hypothalamus axis. Further studies are needed on specific functions of this mechanism.
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