The Evolution Of The Late Qing Poetics

The Late Qing Dynasty was in the special time of the tradition to modern of the Chinese society reforming; therefore, regardless of from the culturing condition or the poetics thought in the Late Qing Dynasty, it all had the deep transformation and reforming. From the isomorphism relations of New Text Scholarship and poetics, the paper analyzed the New Text Scholars'poetics, and excavated a way which poetics evolution all ways in the process that the value system of New Text Scholarship spread, seepage, restraint the poetics, and revealed the foundational significance to poetics'evolution of New Text Scholarship as a knowledge model.Chapter One mainly combed"change"trend of development from society, culture, concrete thought and academic in the Late Qing Dynasty, and established the rationality and validity of this research on macroscopic. On the one hand, in the mid and late part of Qing Dynasty, it appeared the great change, such as the difficulties both at home and abroad with politics and economic, gentleman people's mentality that appealed transformation plans to be stronger, also impelled the society's reforming from ancient to modern. On the other hand, the cultural development condition had broken the one-dimensional evolution advancement before. The cultural tendency of modern western learning into east, cultural nationalism, the cultural idea of pragmatism, also flooded society and culture domain of the Late Qing Dynasty, and formed the equivocal and complex trend of culture development. In addition, we would pay more attention, the"change"trend of development also seeped to the general realm of thought. Some traditional scholars started to question and reconsider the Puxue Thoughts which was the representative of legitimate academic, and advocated the self-explanation New Text Scholarship in the breaking off process. As in a higher energetic plane, the poetics'evolution of Late Qing Dynasty had some reasons, such as society's reforming, cultural displacement, academic fission. But we thought, the academic fission's influence to poetics had more fundamental significance. The New Text Scholarship had the restraint to poetics'development, and decided its evolution in ideology domain. Said from the embryology, the New Text Scholarship and poetics'evolution had the relations of isomorphism correspondence and resonation. The poetics'evolution of Late Qing Dynasty maintained high coordination and uniformity with the New Text Scholarship in the ecology, subject, behavior, acceptance, value of poetics.Chapter Two mainly elaborated the poetics of Gong Zi-zhen and Wei Yuan. In Dao Guang time, there were serious fissions in the poetics. Old poetics that reflected the prosperous times also existed, but it had been mocked by the"Xing-ling"Theory. Facing the reconstruction subject of the poetics of Late Qing Dynasty,"Overvalue the Song Poetic"attempted to seek the way in the traditional poetics, but it had not exceeded the bamboo fence of traditional poetics in essentially. The New Text Scholars of Late Qing Dynasty, whose poetics cared society reality, went out the traditional bamboo fence, had the value orientation to carry on the social critique and intervention. Gong Zi-zhen constructed comprehensively his New Text Scholarship theory system through the"broken"and"set up", and formed the characteristic critique standpoint in the whole. His poetics idea and practice of"Emotion Supremacy"theory inherited the value of his New Text Scholarship, and manifested the subject (personality, emotion, creation and so on) in the critique field, and displayed the sincere academic and strong critique consciousness of poetics. Certainly, his poetics appeared the contradictory tensity of"inside and outside the Confucian Classics"everywhere. This was price which Gong Zi-zhen as a poet should undertake for the prescience in the"Sad Wind suddenly Come"of Late Qing Dynasty. Wei Yuan advocated explaining and displaying principle of the Confucian Classics, and constructed his New Text Scholarship theory system around the pragmatic standpoint, and made the pattern of sublime words with the deep meaning further delaying and thorough. Wei Yuan's poetics idea and practice continued the value of his New Text Scholarship, claimed to follow the"Speaking Minds"of traditional poetics idea, and established the pragmatic standpoint of his poetics idea on the foundation with intervening society. But, just as his New Text Scholarship study which broke through the tradition in the return it, his poetics was so and revealed the esthetic characteristic which had been constrained for a long time in the process. Generally speaking, there were many different in the poetics between Gong Zi-zhen and Wei Yuan, but they provided new ways with the poetics evolution under nearly academic inside story, and had the significant poetics influence and the time effect in at that time.Chapter Three mainly inspected the New Text Scholarship Wang Kai-yun's poetics. As the representative of the restoring poetics in the Late Qing Dynasty, Wang Kai-yun's poetics idea choose to venerate the Han Dynasty to Six Dynasties and others'poetics, not to extend the old inherent way of restoring poetics in the Late Qing Dynasty. Kai-yun's poetics had the special academic background, and diverse and conservative principle of the Confucian Classics enabled his poetics not to overstep the traditional bamboo fence, but his New Text Scholarship standpoint made his restoring poetics to choice the road and field of vision out of the ordinary. In an all, Wang Kai-yun constructed his New Text Scholarship theory value system in the Confucian Classics study which wasn't divided gateway, and made the pragmatic academic and restoring consciousness to implement his poetics. In other words, it formed a more perfect restoring poetics theory system which the"Governing Emotion"was the core through clarifying the Confucian Classics, analyzing the emotion, externalizing the"Form"again, and carried on the special poetics practice in the old restoring poetics prevailing in the Late Qing Dynasty and appeared the unique experience and idea about poetics. In brief, Wang Kai-yun's restoring poetics theory system manifested his concentration and expectation about tradition, but this also had to face and undertake in the process of academic development and poetics evolution.Chapter Four mainly elaborated the poetics of the Reformists who had the New Text Scholarship background. The New Text Scholarship appeared the high tide once more around Reform Movement, and formed a massive campaign. On the one hand, a part had the"Traveling"background, such as Wang tao, Huang Zun-xi, who began to reconsider and suspect the value explanation pattern of the New Text Scholarship about pragmatic academic, and their poetics manifested more open consciousness of present world and progressive idea after separated from the traditional fetter. On the other hand, a part had the strong political intention background, such as Kang You-wei, Liang Qi-chao, Tan Si-tong and so on, who made the suspicion spirit to transform and develop the traditional academic, and made their New Text Scholarship further evolving, and formed the value standpoint of innovation and pragmatism. Adapted with this, Reformists'New Text Scholarship theory manifested the fission and reorganization of the words, which formed the intrinsic basis of their poetics'choice, improvement, construction, and appeared their diligent and exploration about the poetics'evolution in the Late Qing Dynasty that took the traditional academic as the axis. Speaking concretely, in the poetics spirit innovation aspect, Reformists'poetics proposed"New Artistic Conception"to make up the value vacuum which the traditional poetics spirit lost the position, and remolded the new value and poetics words in the field territory of China and West together, and carried on creative poetics attempt. In the poetics style innovation aspect, they displayed actually"warm standpoint", even conservative. The dilemma and tensity of"New Expression"and"Old Style"coexistence appeared their view and manner of the"Style"and behind its ideology words. This seemed to predict that the Reformists'poetics style theories were"on the road". Generally speaking, facing the national misery and social unrest day by day, the Reformists chose the New Text Scholarship theory system, and made the value choice and methodology to extend their poetics in the process of its transformation and evolving, and constructed their pragmatic poetics system. However, they coursed the poetics evolution into a dilemma, but this was the historical circumstances which they could face inevitably when they carried on the poetics evolution on the strength of their New Text Scholarship evolving.Chapter Five mainly elaborated relatively about historical reconsidering of the poetics evolution in the Late Qing Dynasty and the evolution of poetics knowledge paradigm. The"External"was the traditional view and localization about the poetics evolution in the Late Qing Dynasty, but we wanted to make up the"internalization", and tried to go out the shadow of the Confucian Classics, and returned its real appearance and historical present. The"Modernity"was the"Derivative"and"Adidas"along with the poetics evolution in the Late Qing Dynasty, which provided directly a vision and a dimension of historical inspection to reconsider it. However, as an academic trend and ideology, the New Text Scholarship in the Late Qing Dynasty also inevitably moved towards the decline finally regardless of development and evolution. Corresponding with it, their poetics words around their New Text Scholarship faced serious realistic difficult. Thereafter, while the New Text Scholarship withdrew the historical arena of poetics, the poetics aesthetic words which were constrained and pushed aside started to move from the edge to the centre. The poetics knowledge paradigm happened to the evolution. The poetics thoroughly trended towards modern times from the Late Qing Dynasty.In this paper, we found regardless of poetics evolving in the Late Qing Dynasty, it was based on the mainly knowledge paradigm. In other words, the New Text Scholarship also was the principle which the poetics evolving should follow when its authority and sacred corona didn't retreat before.