Empire Depth Southwest Frontier

Qing Dynasty, the last feudal dynasty in the history of China, had been in power for about 270 years. The basic reasons for its long government are the various policies for the nationality groups and border areas the government adopted according to the situation and the time. Though the series of the policies implemented in the areas of minority nationality by the Qing Dynasty Government had not reached the goal of "long stability and Peace", these policies produced significant and profoundly influence on the process of social development of all minority nationality groups in different periods and the formation and development of the ethnically united China.The borderland of Yunnan-Burma located in southwest of China, There are many peoples, and the characteristics of the pattern of diversity in unity of the Chinese has been vividly and concrete showed in this regions. Today, the process of multi-nationality distribution pattern formed and developed, in the areas of Yunnan-Burma border, is typical miniature about the great historical process of the pattern of diversity in unity of the Chinese, in a sense. Meanwhile, the borderland of Yunnan-Burma, is the international thoroughfare of world political, economic and cultural exchanges about China and the Southeast Asia or South Asia, and it is a important area of the fanning and mountain culture mutually connects and multi-ethnic migration, inhabit, fusion, development, which has the unique regional cultural characteristics and development history.On the basis of the management of the borderland of Yunnan-Burma, ruled by Yuan and Ming Dynasty, the government of Qing Dynasty ruled the areas of the borderland of Yunnan-Burma in a more direct and effective way, which is carried out according to the real situation of The areas of the borderland of Yunnan-Burma and the progress of the history of China and the areas of the borderland of Yunnan-Burma at that time. Compared with the policies made by Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, the policies of Qing Dynasty for the management of The areas of the borderland of Yunnan-Burma politics, economy, culture and military are more complete, more profound and unique, thus it produced greater influence. Therefore it is historically and current significant to have a systematical, overall study and summary of the policies and measures for the management of the borderland of Yunnan-Burma by Qing Dynasty.According to rich and detailed information,this paper research the policy of rule carried out by Qing Dynasty in the borderland of Yunnan-Burma and the impact of multi-ethnic society from a multidisciplinary perspective in the mid-Qing Qing Dynasty, used disciplinary approach, such as national theory, ethnology, history and so on, which was based on previous studies.The text is organized by three parts, including introduction,discussion and conclusions.The part of introduction is mainly focused on the origin of article materials, the basic contents, significance and overviews of domestic and international in the academic research. In addition, I also pay attentions to the study of the spatial and temporal scope, research methods, data sources and research difficulties and so on.The part of discussion is divided into six chapters:Chapter one discusses the unique environment of natural and human and the relationship between the unique and the governance of Qing Dynasty, Believing that the diversity of National-geographic is the foundation of policies implemented by mid-Qing Dynasty in Yunnan-Burma border, which has a profoundly effect on the governance of Qing Dynasty in Yunnan-Burma border.Chapter two discusses the administrative of Qing Dynasty in Yunnan-Burma border. Because of the special historical conditions in Qing Dynasty, the co-management policy of local officials and the central government was implemented in the Burma border, which embodied the principle of adaptation in local conditions. The implementation of co-management policy not only was adapted to the diversity of nation geographical, but also to ensure the relationship of the Subordination between the central and the local administrative in Yunnan-Burma border. At the same time, it mobilized the enthusiasm of the all local nationalities and effectively prevented the right expanding in the hands of local officials. So it can be taken as the success of governance law in the Qing Dynasty border.The third chapter discusses about the policies of economic policy of Qing Dynasty in the Burma border, which including the contents of agriculture, mining, commerce etc. People think that the social development of Yunnan-Burma Frontier has entered a new stage in the mid-Qing Dynasty. The policy of changes in economic operation by central administrative has significantly impact on minorities economic in Yunnan-Burma border. The characteristic, adapted to the needs of the development, has been showed in the whole activities of management and development by the system of unified economic in central administrativeThe fourth chapter discusses the culture policy of the Qing Dynasty on the Yunnan-Burma border governance. The rulers of the mid-Qing Dynasty, based on the special background of Southwestern border region, began to rethink on the traditional ideology of borderland governance and re-adjust the national education policy, in the meantime proposed a new ideology of education in Yunnan-Burma border.The policy of culture and education as the first" was carried out in Yunnan-Burma border. The ordinary children of border were educated elementary the civilized wisdom, in order to promote the process of integration with the Mainland border. During this period, culture and education get an unprecedented development in Yunnan-Burma border, great change has take place in Social Panorama.Chapter five discusses the Qing Dynasty's military governance in Yunnan-Burma border. Green Camp Military System of Qing Dynasty is the military regime in the border areas of Yunnan, including the Yunnan-Burma border areas. Green Camp soldiers not only overcome a variety of anti-Qing forces to achieve control of Yunnan border areas, but also extend its rule to the mountains areas of the Yunnan-Burma border and take ethnic minorities into directly rule range, which makes the Qing Dynasty's rule on Burma bestially exceeded any previous historical periods so that the southwest border of the motherland has been an unprecedented consolidation and development.Chapter six discusses how the governance of Mid-Qing affect the ethnic relations and cultural changes on the Yunnan-Burma frontier. With the deepening of the Qing Dynasty administration, the Yunnan-Burma border and the mainland's economic, political, cultural and other aspects are linked more closely, which not only a strong impetus progress of the national economy and culture in the Yunnan-Burma border areas, but also show this period's new features of pattern of ethnic relations, the development and evolution of national culture in Yunnan-Burma border.The last part is the "Conclusion", According to the conclusion mentioned above, the paper compared with the previous dynasty try to summary the succession and development of ruling policy of Qing dynasty in the areas of Yunnan-Bunna border. From the perspective of the political civilization, the paper researches the special measures of the consolidation of ruling and the maintaining political relationship between the central government and local governments in the Bunna border, so that get some inspiration from it.