The Research On Qin And Han Dynasties' Administration Of The Northwest Borderland

The conception of the border commandery divided into General and Special two types.The differences of production methods between the border and interior commanderies determined the social appearances.There were two waves to establish a lot of border commanderies in Qin and Han Dynasties. There are three trends of the border commanderies change:rishing,keeping and falling.Qin and Han Dynasties established some permanent institutions,like as commanderies,vassal states and Cishi,and other special military town institutions to govern the border region.Border-related decision-making system, including border-related decision-making needs, information collection,Propose discussion, constraints and supervision aspects. The central institutions involved Dianke (Dahonglu),Dianshuguo, Shangshu director of visitors, primarily held the frontier policy decision;local administrative institutions to implement the decision-making with strong power, and some border commandery had also hosted a lot of foreign affairs. The working of border-related institutions had their own characteristics. Instruments in the administrative system had a very important position,while border-related instruments in the operation had its characteristic features.Local governors issued orders with their own independent policy.There were some native restrictions and strong regional factors in the official appointments. Some rules existed in it.Border areas there were numerous vacancies in the lower-level official, the situation required post agenting. There were many specific provisions reflected the appointment and removal had certain rationality administration of colour.Borderland officials elected by the military situation, the ethnic relations and the social climate many factors.The Qin and Han dynasties had different bordland governance achievements. Qin gradually controlled and encroached Yi-qu, typically reflecting the perseverance spirit of Qin Dynasty in the borderland developing.Development of relations between the Western Han Dynasty and the Wu-sun typically reflected great achievements of Western Han Dynasty in the borderland opening up and governance, but also reflected the difficulty and complexity in the Serindia management.The expensive war between the Eastern Han Dynasty and Qiang people in northwest borderland lasted for long time, typically reflecting the Eastern Han Dynasty's weakness in the borderland exploiting.The difference between the city-states and the countryside,and the general having great power in border areas may be historical origins of the special system of bordland governance. The emperor following the past may also be a kind of institutional path dependence. Qin and Han Dynasties local administrative system would be divided into three areas:the capital city and its environs, the interior commanderies and the border commanderies. There were two sets of management system governance in Qin and Han borderland. To border areas the central government had many special care,and cared for a large number of people migrating to the frontier and conducted strict management.the central often sent Inspectors to patrol border areas, had its own characteristics.Border areas also had the cost of governance, governance costs related to management success or failure,and retention or abolition of border areas. From a system point of view borderland characteristics had its inevitability.In the history of governance the Northwest borderland had its exemplary.