A Study On Criticism To Quyuan Of Song Dynasty

This article is investigating the Criticism of Qu Yuan in Song Dynasty. The writer inspects the situations of criticism on Qu Yuan himself and his works respectively, based on carding the basic threads of Chuci in Song Dynasty and Summary of Criticism of Qu Yuan. People in Song Dynasty paid close attention to the three aspects, i.e. criticism of his ethnic concepts, criticism of his behaviour and criticism of his personality, with the chief subject of Qu Yuan's loyalty, his death and his awakening. And their attention to Qu Yuan's works mainly centered on the two main aspects, one is Qu Yuan's prose and another is his artistic technique. As the ideas of loyalty to the ruler in Song Dynasty is emphasized more than in other dynasties, The loyalty of Qu Yuan was then the core of criticism, which is reflected in either the criticism on his behaviour, personalty or his works. People in Song Dynasty are the fist to propose the statement of Qu Yuan's loyalty to the ruler and love of the country. And the image of Qu Yuan of his loyalty and patriotism was then established initially. As for Qu Yuan's drowning himself, people in Song Dynasty analyzed from two aspects, one is "expostulation through death" and "venting his anger". And they criticized his death based on the view of "leaving" and "retreating". Because of different thinking ways based on righteousness between monarch and his subjects as well as rational conduct philosophy, people's appraisal in Song Dynasty were complicated and even contrary. The "awakening" of Qu Yuan was then a new hot topic, which was centered on the poem. People in Song Dynasty criticized Qu Yuan's "awakening" from various angles of view and various aspects such as consciousness, politics, morality, etc., and took their own stand of either accepting or deserting respectively. The main opinion of People in Song Dynasty in Qu Yuan's "awakening" was negative. They denied this "awakening" by Tao Yuanming's "drunkenness". But they did not betrayed completely, while refactoring Qu Yuan's "awakening" with the "drunkenness", to reach the state of "awakening in mind while drunk in the body" and "combination of thoughts of Qu Yuan and Tao Yuanming". In criticism of Qu Yuan's works, we investigate the knowledge and evaluation of people in Song Dynasty, through the two aspects, Qu Yuan's Prose Style and his artistic technique. People in Song Dynasty inspected the Prose's characteristics in Qu Yuan's Prose and the relationship between poem and poetic essay, emphasized the contents of implicit and polite persuasion, established his orthodox position in literature. Meanwhile, they took apart Qu Yuan's artistic technique through three ways of expression Exposition, Comparison and Affective, to quest Qu Yuan's world of arts. In the dual cultural backgrounds of science and literature, people in Song Dynasty whose life experience and destiny were similar to that of Qu Yuan, attended widely the activities of criticism of Qu Yuan, with rational academic character, deep-felt emotional resonance and keen literature vision, which created a prosperous pomp of Criticism of Qu Yuan in Song Dynasty.