From Lenin To Gorbachev: The Logic Of Formation And Loss Of The Credibility Of Communist Party Of The Soviet Union

The credibility of the ruling party is refers to the ability to shape public confidence and commitment to win the trust of people. The party of the proletariat is a liberated tool of the working-class to seizure power, and its strength comes from the people's trust and support. In the early twentieth century, Bolsheviks became the first ruling party of the proletariat to win the people's trust in the world. For seventy-four years, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union led the people of the Soviet Union to construct socialism in one country. The Soviet Union had industrialized in just ten years of time, which the British need hundreds of years, Germany took 60 years. In the Second World War, the Soviet Union won the great victory of the patriotic war, which made great contributions to human civilization. After the Second World War, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union had won great prestige in the domestic and international. The socialist society expanded from one country to many nations. A powerful socialist camp came into being in the world which was equaled to the western capitalist faction. But, in the end of the 20 century, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union collapsed without the external blow from internal and out powerful enemy. The international communist movement has suffered a serious of setbacks. The crucial cause of the collapse of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of course is lost the trust of the people. It can't win the support of the people. The Soviet Union has deep affected China in the field of ideology and politics. The Victory of the Russian Revolution in October sent a light to China. It is a slogan for a generation of Chinese Communist Party to learn from Russia. The impact of the Soviet Union to China is still exists. It not only has the great academic value but also the significant practical significance to study the observing and losing of credibility of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It can give beneficial historical reference to the construction of the Communist Party of China, provide lessens for socialism with Chinese characteristics, and to promote socialist construction in a healthy development.The Russian economy was on the brink of collapse during the First World War. The life level of the people fell rapidly. The workers, peasants and soldiers put forward the requirement of peace, land and bread. The Bolsheviks'anti-war policy won the people's trust. After the October revolution victory, the Soviet government passed the Decree of peace, suggested that all the countries give up war immediately without the requirement of annexed territory and compensation for losses. When the Soviet government's proposal has been against, the Soviet government began to make peace talk with German alone. The Soviet government signed the Brest-Litovsk Treaty with German. Although Russia had lost nearly 100 million square kilometers of land and 6 billion Mark, but it has get rid of the imperialist war and win the precious peace for the people. The Soviet government made the works was supervised under the workers, distributed the land to farmers freely. The democratic right of the people was realized. The Wartime Communist Policy was instead of by the New Economic Policy. The farmers were allowed to deal with their agricultural products after paying the grain-tax. This made the farmers get the material stimulation to promote the farmers to expand the planting area. The farmers'requirement of bread was met. The revolution of culture was adhering to the Materialism. This consolidated the Marxist's leading position in Russia.The Soviet Communist Party led the Soviet people to construct the socialist in one country during the Stalin period. The Soviet foreign policy followed the principle of two social systems to coexistence peaceful. It developed economic cooperation with the capitalist countries. When the western capitalist countries were in the Great Depression, the Soviet Union became the biggest buyers of the'technology and equipment of the western in the world market. This not only helped the Soviet Union to socialist industrialization, but also improved the economic status of the capitalist countries, gave employment opportunities to the workers in the western countries. When Fascism was rising, the Soviet Union gave great efforts to establish European collective security system, and defend the interests of the state which was aggressed by the Fascist. In the Second World War, the Soviet Union was the main strength to against the Fascist. After the Soviet Union patriotic war, the foreign policy the Soviet Union was loyal to the socialist international principles. It not only gave the moral and political support to the people's democratic countries in Europe and Asia, but also gave a great of economic aid these countries. Thus the credibility of the Soviet Communist Party was promoted further.During Khrushchev period, the Soviet Union developed nuclear weapons, involved in U. S.-Soviet missile arms race. The Soviet Union had provoked the Berlin crisis and the Caribbean crisis. These actions gave serious threats to the world peace. In agriculture, the Soviet Union reduced the farmers'economic taxes, improved agricultural products of the purchase price. These movements had obtained the certain effect. But the Soviet Union agricultural reform had not break the bondage of planned economic' system. The market mechanism was not introduced into economic production. The Soviet Union promoted the corn growing by administrative orders. This reduced the planting area of the high yield of winter wheat crop in Soviet Union. The Soviet Union abolished the tractor station. This action made the collective farm carry on a heavy debt. The farmers working enthusiasm were reduced by limiting the private plot. The Soviet Union agricultural reform ultimately failed. A crisis of bread took place in the Soviet Union. In the field of the ideology, The Soviet Communist Party put forward theory of the state of all the people and the party of the nation. These theories were against the fundamental principles of Marxism. The humanitarian thought was encouraged, and the authority of The Soviet Communist Party was shaking.Under the ruling of Leonid Brezhnev, the Soviet Union began a new economy reform. It expanded enterprise autonomy, and gave a new vitality into the Soviet economy. The Soviet Union appeared a good time for the development of economic and social. In the very favorable international and domestic situations, the Soviet Union launched an expansion offensive, to grab the supremacy with the US in the world. The soldiers of the Soviet Union were sent in Afghanistan. This broke the world peace. In order to maintain the stability of the cadres, The Soviet Communist Party has changed the party constitution article 25 in The Soviet Communist Party Congress.23rd. As the Soviet Union industrialization and modernization degree rising, more and more management institutions and personnel were needed. Due to the lack of effective supervision of power system arrangement, a privileged class has come into being in Brezhnev period. This privileged class has hindered the development of democracy. In ideological fields, the Soviet Communist Party strengthened the ideology of the Soviet control, lead to the emergence of dissident movement. This movement has made the influence of the ideology of the Soviet Communist Party reduce in the people's mind. The credibility of the Soviet Communist Party fell further down.After Mikhail Gorbachev came into power, the Soviet Communist Party made the accelerated development strategy. The accelerate development strategy is priority to the development of manufacturing industry. This diverted to the development of agriculture and light industry funds, increased the inflationary pressure, and caused the shortage of consumer goods. When the accelerated development strategy did not achieve the desired effect, Gorbachev turned the reform to politics. Guiding by the ideology of humanitarian, Openness destroyed the prestige of the Soviet Communist Party. Democratization made the Soviet socialist democratic evolution to western bourgeois democracy. The Soviet Communist Party became a social Democratic Party when it gave up the principle of democratic centralism and Marxism as the guiding ideology. This destroyed the link of the unity of the Soviet Union. This resulted the Nationalism rising. The long-term suppressed ethnic problems in the Soviet Union came into the surface, and evolve rapidly for ethnic conflicts, cause the political situation into great upheavals. This made the credibility of the Soviet Communist Party vanished into thin air.It come to a conclude from the historical process of the formation and loss of the credibility of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that the peace is international factor to effect the formation and loss of the credibility of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, bread is the based factor to effect of the formation and loss of credibility the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, democracy is the key factor to effect of the formation and lost of the credibility of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, ideology is fundamental problem to influence the formation and loss of the credibility of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The bread problem is the livelihood of the people.Peace, the people's livelihood, democratic and ideology are not isolated four questions. They have the inner logic connections. Only the socialist democracy is realized, the enthusiasm of people's labor is aroused, so as to solve the livelihood of the people. Only democracy is good in domestic, can the democracy is promoted in the international society and the peace is realized in the world. When the problems of peace, democracy and the people's livelihood have been resolved, the ruling ideology is accepted by.the masses and the international society, thus consolidate and promote the credibility of the ruling party. So the democracy is key word for the ruling party to win the people's trust.The forms of democracy has experienced five kinds of historical state from low to high, that is from the original social democracy, slave owners class democracy, the feudal barons democracy, the capital asset class democracy, the proletariat democracy. Along with the socialism to communism, the political democracy has transfer to social democratic. Guiding by Marxism, the communist party is represent the interests of the proletariat, and is the decisive power to promote political democracy to the social democracy. The Soviet's collapse is not a failure of Marxist and socialism, but the Communist Party of the Soviet Union had betrayed the Marxism and become the tool to seek private privileges. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was eventually left by the people. Summarize the course of the collapse of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union will give beneficial lessens to the ruling party in socialist countries, and push the international communist movement get great renaissance.