| "Zhenguan rule" was a millennium in Chinese history which was created by Emperor Taizong under the guidance of Confucianism in ZhenGuan Period. Confucianism played a crucial role in the form of "Zhenguan rule". The thought of rule of virtue, people-based concept, moderate thinking and civilization theory had been deeply carried out to various political measures in ZhenGuan Period. Thus formed a prosperous rich millennium with logical administration and harmonious people, which would go down in history.Emperor Taizong used Confucian moral thoughts to govern the country, and then governed the world to practice according to the idea of Confucian self-cultivation, regulating the family, governing the country. Emperor Taizong knew that cultivating one's morality was the foundation of governing the country, so he payed attention to training and practicing benevolence and righteousness. Emperor Taizong not only practiced benevolence and righteousness in self, but also payed special attention to educate his children and grandchildren to cultivate their moralities. In the rule of the country, Emperor Taizong selected the officials that had moral and ability, and payed attention to the livelihood of the people. In the foreign national relationship, Emperor Taizong not only used force to against hostile tribes, but also payed attention to comfort the tribes which yielded with benevolence and righteousness. He changed the way of thought that China was exalted but YiDi was nidering since ancient times. He started a unprecedented national relationship of peace.People-oriented concept was one of the guiding ideologies of Emperor Taizong's rule. By learning from the historical experience that Emperor Yangdi in Sui Dynasty lost his country, Emperor Taizong recognized the importance of people-oriented concept. Emperor Taizong thought the cause of the Sui dynasty perish was that Yangdi did not sympathize with people, did not pay attention to the people. Emperor Taizong reached a crucial fundamental understanding to national survival that the country should sympathize with people, rely on the people, otherwise the people will give up perish his country. In order to protect his people, Emperor Taizong tried to reduce the burden of taxation of the people. At the same time, he also actively encouraged the development of production, increased population, set granary for people, water conservancy, etc, created the good conditions of existence for people, practiced the policy of people oriented.Moderate idea was a magic weapon that Emperor Taizong created a millennium of Zhenguan. The Confucian governing way that Emperor Taizong used to manage the country, is a moral way devolve one's own thought to others. The Confucian governing way contained the harmony of individual internal and external, body and mind, and the harmony between people. These are two important parts of Confucian harmonious concept. The Confucian idea of harmony in the management of state of Emperor Taizong, mainly displayed in the moral cultivation of self, harmonious king-subject relationship and harmonious king-people relationship. Not only that, the Confucian harmonious spirit was also manifest in many political measures of Emperor Taizong, such as national fusion policy, religious enlightened policy, three province six department system, imperial examination system, the average-land system, rent taxes system, Zhenguan law, etc.Civilization theory was important ideological basis in the form of governance and rosperity of Zhenguan. Chinese ancient political mode was that the emperor power controlled the regime, families controlled the village.The former was the standard of state power mode, but the latter mainly depended on legal and ethical power. The maintenance of ethics relyed mainly on the civilization. So education became important means to keep rural regime stable in the Chinese ancient society. In the period of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong used Confucian civilization theory to maintain the stability of the grassroots political power. The Confucian tradition of education theory was that people became rich up first and then civilization. But in the early Zhenguan period, because of the long war the social economic was damaged and was not suitable for this kind of traditional ideas. Because of this, Weizheng put forward a new education theory that poverty was just to the civilisation. After adopted Weizheng's suggestions, Emperor Taizong and his ministers launched a series of policies and measures of Confucian enlightenment ideal to promote agricultural development, the social organization reconstruction and legal ethics.A few years later, the society present a millennium scene.The brilliant achievements in the Zhenguan period had become the model of learning to the later rulers.The great revival of the Chinese nation also need the historical experience and rosperity of Zhenguan for reference. Especially rosperity of Zhenguan can give precious historical reference in modern democratic political construction, modern multicultural integration, and the development and change of the society, and so on.Although Confucianism has important value to the modernization of China, the academics also have different opinions and have no conclusion yet about how to integrate into and effectively promote the modernization of China. Therefore, how to find the way or style that Confucianism value was realized becomes the most important and pressing issue now. In fact, the problem has been put on the agenda by the researchers very early. The modernization of Confucianism which has long existed in the academic history of modern China. The reason for its emergence is that the Chinese nation gets rid of the ethical national crisis, realizes modern transformation, a group of patriotic people of insight start from Confucianism which is the core of Chinese traditional culture, learn from western culture, in an effort to realize China's rescuing, rich, strong and rise, that is the modernization of China. By means of discussing the modernization of the Confucianism to realize the modernization of China, is the theme of this claim. In modern China, the advocate of the claim mainly are the westernization led by zhang zhidong, the reformists led by Kang youwei, as well as modern neo-confucians led by Liang shu-ming. Although their claims to explore the way of the modernization of China through the modernization of Confucianism are similar to each other, their thinkings constantly present new connotations with the development of history. The westernization advocates "the Chinese knowledge is substance, the western learning is function", the reformists try to realize political improvement with Confucianism, and modern neo-confucians advocate"inside saint create new outside the king". Although their claims did not realize the modernization of China, but accomplished their respective historical mission and promoted the development of history. Thereforewe can get the basic direction of the modernization of Confucianism in the base of their searching for modernization of Confucianism.
|
PDF Full Text Request