A Study On The Structure, Feature, Related Factors And Group Intervention Of The Adolescent Students'Psychological Capital

Psychological capital is a kind of positive psychological power which helps to improve the performance in the process of personal growth and development. On the basis of a great deal of literature review, the operational definition of adolencent students' psychological capital under school situation is defined in this study, and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students is developed according to the standard and program of psychometrics. In order to probe into the developing features of the adolescent students'psychological capital, the relation between adolescent life events and the psychological capital, the relation between the adolencent students'psychological capital and mental health,1819adolencent students from seven schools as subjects are investigated by four questionnaires, that is, PCQAS, SCSQ, SCL-90and ASLEC. To develop a set of plan that can effectively enhance the adolencent students'psychological capital, an experimental goup intervention to psychological capital for the college students is carried out in this research. By investigating and analyzing the outcome of the research, the results are as follows:(1) The results of the theoretical analysis and empirical study indicate that the adolescent students'psychological capital contains four sub-factors, that is, hope, optimism, self-confidence and resilience.(2) The self-designed Psychological Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students is of good reliability and validity, which could be used as an effective assessment tool for understanging and studying the adolescent students'psychological capital.(3) On the whole, the level of the adolescent students'psychological capital is high. The whole average score of1819adolescent students in the Psychological Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students is91.2248, much higher than the median value77.(4) On the hand of developmental features in learning stage, the level of the adolescent students'psychological capital increases as the rising of learning stage. On the hand of developmental features in grade, the level of the adolescent students' psychological capital is in slow developing from Junior Middle School Grade1to Senior Middle School Grade2. It falls suddenly into the lowest during the adolescent stage in Senior Middle School Grade3, rises quickly up to to the peak of the adolescent stage in the first year of university, and gradually keeps stable after the third year of university.(5) There is significant difference among the level of the adolescent students' psychological capital in the variables of Home Address, Club Member, Student Cadre, Awards, School Type and Political Identity. But there is no significant difference in the variables of Sex, Only Children and Major.(6) By controlling the influence of the demographic variables, the three sub-factors of ASLEC, Interpersonal Relationship, Learning Pressure and Others, can be the significant negative predicators for the level of the adolescent students'psychological capital, while the other three sub-factors, Health Adaption, Loss and the Punishedment, lack of significant predictive power to the level of the adolescent students'psychological capital.(7) By controlling the influence of the demographic variables, the four sub-factors of PCQAS can all be the significant predicators for the psychological health. Further research shows that the two sub-factors, optimism and resilience, play the role of predicator to the psychological health directly, while the other two sub-factors, hope and self-confidence, play the role of predicator to the psychological symptoms by the mediating variable, coping style. The mediating effect plays by reducing the negative coping style. As the psychological symptoms are decreased, the mental health is improved.(8) The group intervention to the adolescent students'psychological capital could obviously promote the level of the psychological capital. At the same time, the improvement of the psychological capital can also distinctly enhance the mental health.