Thought Of. Qian Xuan Tong

Qian Xuantong is an important thinker of the modem history of China. For a long time, because of the lack of matenals and other reasons, the research about Qian Xuantong's thought is very weak. This thesis tries to systematically study Qian Xuantong's thought on the basis of adequately relevant materials. This thesis composes live chapters.The first chapter discusses the early thought of Qian Xuantong. At the beginning, Qian received a systematic Confucian education. He inclined to the modern script of Confucian Classics .he was influenced by the thought of "back to the ancients". Politically, he respected the Qing Dynasty. After 1903, influenced by the revolutionary situation, Qian's thought began to change from the old Chinese learning to Western learning, from respecting the Qing Dynasty to opposing the Manchu authority. The intrinsic factor that led Qian to change was the nationalism. At the early stage of turning to the revolution, he was affected by the thought of the Rightists among the revolutionaries.The second chapter expounds Qian's thought of anarchism, his propositions about preserving the quintessence of Chinese Culture and Confucian Classics around the Revolution of 1911. During this period, Qian devoted to the revolutionary cause. Politically, he accepted the bourgeois democratism and anarchism. When it comes to the culture, he put forward the thought of " model the ancients, preserve the ancient, return to the ancients and not to rigidly adhere to the ancients". When it comes to the Confucian Classics, he differed from the rightists among the revolutionaries, inclined to the modern script and became an faithful believer.The third part discusses Qian's thought of the literary revolution and ideological revolution during the New Culture Movement. In 1917, Qian participated the New Culture Movement, began to criticize the tradition. At the first stage of the New Culture Movement, he vehemently criticized the classical style of writing, the traditional literary, the traditional art and the core of the traditional thought?the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues. He supported the movement of writings of the vermacular led by Hu Shi and Chen Du-xiu.Qian put forward systemic propositions, play an important role on the Vernacular Movement. He also vehemently criticized old novels and traditional dramas. In order to criticize the traditional culture, Qian advocated abolishing Chinese characters. His attitude against the traditional culture was radical during the period of the May forth Movement. The external situation as well as the intrinsic factors caused this. Though vehemently, he did not generally oppose the tradition. He positively affirmed the outstanding part of the traditional culture.The forth pan discusses Qian's thought of believing the liberalism, doubting the ancients, modeling the westerns and reforming the Chinese, characters. After the May forth Movement, the coterie of New Youth, the machine of the New Culture Movement, differed with each other on the blueprint and method of reforming the society. The camp of the New Culture broke. Between the Marxism and the Liberalism, Qian preferred the later. He persisted in enlightening, and rethought his own former thought. After the May Forth Movement, Qian continued criticizing the tradition, focused his animadverts on the Confucian Classes. He advocated doubting the ancients, became the elite of the school of doubting the ancients. When it comes to the western culture, he claimed to comprehensively model the western, and put forward the radical view of "completelysupporting with the Westernization" when he fought with a resurgence of traditional culture. The thought of reforming the Chinese Characters reflected Qian's thought of criticizing the tradition and modeling the western.The fifth part expounds Qian's later thought. During his remaining years, Qian's thought reached a stalemate. He advocate freedom of thought and neutrality of educational values. He did not only oppose the ideological control of the...