Trial Ma Henuo Movement

The Makhno movement, as an aspect of the Ukrainian Revolution(1917-1921), has been said of various natures. The Makhnovists expanded to most of the South Ukraine to the climax of the moment, from where the road is to the Crime and the mouth of the Black Sea and Western Europe, where also as a Battleground in the Russian revolution and the civil war.This movement could last four years, which was the most important.The Makhno movement, leaded by Nestor Makhno and members of Hulyai Pole anarchist group, was a mass revolutionary movement of the peasant and working poor in the Southern Ukraine. The Makhnovists aimed for a true social revolution in which the working classes (both urban and rural) could actively manage their own affairs and society, practicing the free, self-managed soviets and the "free" or "working" commune. It will be primarily a military history, with socio-political aspects of the movement.They was fighting against the authority of all foreign political governments whether Austro-Hungarian and German garrison, Bolshevik or White. The indifferent and hostile attitude to the Nationalists is the main reason for the transient of the national moment.This body can be divided into four Parts:The first part is about the backgroud of the Makhno movement.They include Traditionalhistory,culture,social economy,politic:Historically and traditionally,the Zaporizhya Cossack had deep loved for independence and freedom; The Ukrainian economy deep depended on the Russian's with its labour movement's Russification.The most Ukrainian indulged in the agriculture,with strong land private ownership and with peasant and worker poor;The Ukrainian cultural and political awakening increased,mainly in the upper layer,with mass anarchistic.The seond part fouses on the emergence,evolution and failure of the Makhnovist movement. Initially, Makhno and Hulyai Pole anarchist group leaded peasants to liquidate the landowners and kulaks,uniting with the red guards against the Central Rada. Invaded by German-Austrian Army,Makhno had to travel for Moscow. He called on the peasants for a decisive struggle against the power of Skoropadsky and the landlords,and completed the "Batko Makhno detachment",which assumed a definite name"The Revolutionary Partisan Detachments of the Bat'ko Makhno" under a unified leadership.The movement firstly named by Makhno. Twice alliance was signed between the Makhnovists and the Bolsheviks,against the Hryhoriyiv and the Whites.The success of the Wrangel offensive was again forcing the Bolsheviks and Makhnovists to put aside their differences and take on the common enemy. After this,the Makhnovists were annihilated.The third part is about the nature of the Makhno movement.The Makhnovist movement was a mass revolutionary movement of the peasant and working poor in the Southern Ukraine, with anarchism guiding ideology. As such, neither Makhno nor the Makhnovist movement was nationalist.It is mistake to label the Makhnovist as anti-Ukrainian,the Makhnovists were opposed to nationalism but supported culture diversity and self-determination within a free federation of toilers communes and councils.The fourth part is about the effect of the Makhno moment.This is including the effect on the Ukrainian national independence and the Russian Revolution in1917. The Red Army advance made possible by Makhno's devastation of Denikin's supply lines.