Research Of Several Import And Literary Theory Categories Before Qin Dynasty

Category in literary theory is a popular subject in present years, but seldem researcher pay attention enough on the categories before Qin Dynasty. This is just the author want to do.This thesis consist o seven parts the fires pact is preface; and the others are tale about six important concrete categories.Preface discuss three problems firstly the importance of this subject and presenting lack we hold that through describe and illustrate the categories before. Qin Dynasty, we can understand and grasp the character of the literature of this era more exactly and presicely however the concept of this era is different from today's ideas, as it is the beginning of the literature theory, so this study should over come many difficulties. Secondly, the author confine some major categories and illustrate them, including " Zhi (志) " , " Qi (气)", "Cheng (诚) " , "Wen (文) " , "Ci (辞) ", "Ci (辞) " , "Bing (辩) " , "Xing (象) " , "Feng (风) " , "Ya (雅) " , "Song (颂) " , "Fu (赋) " , "Bi (比) " , "Xing (兴) " , "Guan (观) " , "Qun (群) " , "Yuan (怨) " etc. and we hold that "Zhi (志) , Qi (气) " "Qi (气) " , "Cheng (诚) , "Wen (文) " , "Bian (辩) " , "Ci (辞) " , "Xing (象) " are the most four fundamental and wide-ranging categories. Thirdly, the author discuss the essential principal of his research.1. "志 " , It is the deepest meaning of literature firstly through discuss the origin construction and meaning The author agree on the opinion 《Mao Shi Xu》 in and against Wen Yiduo's idea which describe "Zhi" as "recall and dictation". Secondly, the subject "诗言志" in 《Shang Shu》 point out the difference between Verse and other literary form, particularly it distinguish verse music and dance strictly. Thirdly, "Zhi (志 ) " is not only the deepest meaning of verse but also of all literary forms Then the author chiefly discuss two subject "Yan Yi Zu Zhi(言以足志)" and "Zhi Yi Ding Yan ( 志以定言) " . At the last, ancient people hold that "Zhi(志)" has important social effect and value.2. "Qi (气)" is the spiritual feature arise from the words. Firstly, ancient peopletake "Qi (气) " as the essential element of the universe, just because of the flowing of"Qi (气) " , there are lives in the nature Secondly, they think human's breathe andlanguage is closely connected. "Qi Ting (气听) " in 《Zhou Li》 means in the count the judge must make his dicision through observe the people's breathe; and "Meng Zi(孟子) " combine "Yang Qi (养气) " and "Zhi Yan (知言) " , he think the honesty in the words will overwhelm the opponent and find the flaw of their words. Thirdly, the author discuss two problems "Tuan Qi (抟气) " and "Xin Zhai (心斋) " and hold that they have important significance in construction of the article.3. "Cheng (诚) " is the result of the literary theory before Qin Dynasty. Firstly"Cheng (诚) "is originally related with the carnival activities of the ancient human being, and then gradually become a moral principle it demand people beep their nature, not to cheat others as well as themselves. Secondly cording to speaking, they focus on to speak honestly, Thirdly the relation between "Cheng (诚) " and theory of verse and music Al last, the difference of "Cheng (诚) " and "Xin (信) " .4. "Ci (辞) " is the literary language. Firstly the meaning of "Ci (辞) " and the different of "Ci (辞) " and "词" . Secondly the concrete context of "Ci (辞) the author hold " Ci (辞 ) " have the meaning of the developing things, including judgment, indication and conclusion. Thirdly discuss some subjects about "Ci such as "Ci Da Er Yi Yi (辞达而已矣) " "Qing Yu Xin, Ci Yu Qiao (情欲信,辞欲巧 ) ", "Wen Yi Zu Yan (文以足言 ) " etc At the last, chiefly talk about the subject"言不尽意" , it is a wide-ranging subject in ancient literary theory, and it has an important effect in later periods such as hiuxie's 《Wen Xin Diao Long》5 . "Bian (辩 ) " is a sp...