A Discourse Analysis Of Mood Prticle Ba Ne And A In Mandarin Chinese

The mood particle in Mandarin Chinese is a very important kind of mark in the analysis of discourse structure. This dissertation discusses Ba ,Ne and A, focusing on their pragmatic functions in discourse structure, their mark functions of discourse structure and their usages restricted by discourse, which is basic research work not only for the study of Mandarin Chinese grammar but for the study of Nature Language Processing as well.The major issues of the present dissertation are summarized as follows:１．Based on relationships between initial context ,understandable context and mutual manifestness context, Verbal communication is inferential process by the medium of utterance. Discourse structure is representation of the process and the units of discourse structure include Micro-line,Macro-line and Stanza.２．The information which is expressed by the utterances adhering to mood particle in discourse is always emphasized by speaker and the utterances adhering to mood particle are always thought of as the marks of discourse structure.３．The mood meaning of Ba is unitary. The particle Ba expresses the uncertain attitude of speaker. The interrogative sentences adhering to Ba can be used to point out a fact and trigger a Macro-line in reference to the fact topically and the imperatival sentence adhering to Ba used to persuade or advise hearer to do something. If speaker persuades hearer to do something, the imperative sentence is located at the beginning of a Macro-line; If speaker advised hearer to do something, accordingly, the imperative sentence is located inside a Macro-line.４．The core function of Ne is to associate and contrast relevant propositions. If the interrogative sentence adhering to Ne is located at the beginning of a Macro-line[H], it always associates with a proposition P and Macro-line [H] is trigger by P. Speaker reminds hearer to pay attention to the irrationality(Q) of P and it is Q that leads speaker to use this kind of interrogative sentence. The function of Ne in this kind of interrogative sentence is to remind hearer of the antinomy between P and Q. If the interrogative sentence adhering to Ne is located inside a Macro-line[H], [H] consists of proposition P and Q ,which proposition Q is a explanation of P. The function of Ne in this kind of interrogative sentence is to remind hearer to explain P more definitely. If the interrogative sentence adhering to Ne is located at the end of a Macro-line, it is speaker who uses it to confirm proposition P which value is true. The function of Ne in this kind of sentence is to remind hearer of the reason why speaker confirms P.If Macro-line[H] that is triggered by the interrogative sentence "NP Ne?"is located at the beginning of a Stanza and NP is constant(a) of proposition P, the functionof Ne is to remind hearer to pay attention to the constant(a) and comment on it. If the Macro-line [Hm] is not located at the beginning of a Stanza, the Stanza is consisted of Macro-ling [Hm]and [Hn] which are connected by "NP Ne?" and the constant(a) and NP are corresponding topics, so the particle Ne reminds of hearer pay attention to correspondence of them. The statement adhering to Ne which is located at the beginning of a Micro-line reminds hearer of the logic relationship between this statement and another proposition in understandable context and the statement which is not located at the beginning of a Micro-line reminds hearer to pay attention to the logic relationship between two utterances in this Micro-line. 5．The core function of A is to express speaker's sentiment. Speaker like to express their sentiment by exclamatory sentences adhering to A. Speakers use the particle A in interrogative sentences in order to attract hearers to notice their sentiment and in imperatival sentences in order to urgent hearers to do something or persuade hearers not to do something. The statements with A are used to answer speaker's utterance mostly and always convey the most important information to listeners. The interrogative sentence with...