The Structure Of Ontology Of Human Existence

This article focuses on Scheler's construction of human existence ontology from the view of Marxist philosophy and modern cultural philosophy. It leads to how Scheler's philosophical anthropology , as a new form of human's self-consciousness and self-awareness, came into being through my looking back on the course of human self-consciousness. In Scheler's construction of human existence ontology, its beginning is human evolution, its foundation is human nature, its core is human position in the universe, and its end is human value. Then I explore philosophical anthropology after Scheler so that we can better understand philosophical anthropology, and Scheler's meaning. The difficulty of this article lies in the comparison between Scheler's philosophical idea and Husserl's, Heidegger's, Tillich's, Marx's. Their thoughts about phenomenology, ontology, religious philosophy and the idea of praxis philosophy have profound meaningful connections to Scheler's philosophical anthropology, direct or indirect. Fanilly, I evaluate the meaning of Scheler's philosophical anthropology. Being placed in modern humanism and cultural philosophy, it revealed profoundly modern people's mental circumstances, initiated the new paradigm of modern philosophical transition. We cannot underestimate its contribution to the whole history of philosophy, especially to modern philosophy.