State Unfortunate Poets Of The Fortunate

In this paper the author makes a whole research on the literature of troubled times at the end of Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties after Tang. At first the author not only demonstrates the theory and the fact that the literature of troubled times can be regarded as a independent development, but also proves its peculiar artistic value and its significant meaning in the history of literature. Then the author makes a profound analysis on the scholars of letters from the view of their fate, living style, tragic consciousness as well as value of life. At last the author discusses the characteristics and the newly direction of the literature of troubled times. In chapter one the author argues the artistic innovation of the poems and the innovative spirit of the poets at the end of Tang Dynasty. In chapter two the author makes a deep exploration on the destination and attitude of the scholars of the letters in the imperial examination. In chapter three the author analyzes the relationship among the emergence of the scholars, the freedom of thought and the creation of the literature. In this chapter the author describes the characteristics and the styles of the poems of the end of Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties after Tang from the view of tragic consciousness and value of life. In chapter four the author discusses the specific phenomenon of literature which is describes as singing-bitterly. The author features that singing-bitterly not only is a creative pursuit, but an aesthetic way of appreciation. Meng Jiao and Liu yuxi represent the different style of singing-bitterly respectively. The two singing-bitterly becomes the one at the end of Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties after Tang and it becomes the main spiritual dependence for most of the poets. In this chapter the author gives a new explanation on "the style of late tang" from some new historic materials and justifies some blurred acquaintance to the problems of dynasty division. In chapter five the author explores the elegance direction and the vulgarity direction of the literature through the analysis of different acceptance to wentingyun and lishangying and makes an innovative argument that wentingyun's poems are far more influential than lishangying's. In this chapter the author rectifies some misunderstanding and erase some academiccontroversy and discusses the rules and the tendency of lyric and poems created the scholar : from "vuglar" to "elegant". The author makes the opinion that the lyric at the end of tang dynasty is not a gap, but a most prosperous period in tang dynasty.