The United States The Development Of The Policies Of Israel And The United States (1948-1980),

US-Israeli relationship is a rare case with special nature in the history of international relations. Its developments influence the development and tendency of Arab-Israeli conflict. In the thesis, the author reviewed and analysed the US policies to Israel and the development of US-Israeli relations since the foundation of Israel to the end of Carter Administration(1948-1980). Three main subjects are the focuses of discussion: the first is the forming of US policies and development framework; the second is the strategic cooperation of two countries during several crises and conflicts of Middle East; while the third subjects is reflected on the policy adjustments in solving the Arab-Israel conflicts. So three chapters in accordance with those three subjects are included in the thesis.The first chapter analysed the forming of the development framework.. After the World War II, Americans helped Jews to fulfill their dream of establishing a state. Facing the new international situation, on the basis of summarizing its early policies to Israel, US government formulated National Security Council 47 Series as the guidance in conducting US-Israeli relations, thus defined the basic strategic principles on Israel. In spite of those diplomatic efforts made by the Israel government in improving its status in the US Middle East strategy, US government kept up its fixed principles and refused the requirements of Israel. After breaking out of the Middle East War II, in order to take into consideration its whole strategic interests in the Middle East, Americans, by adopting effective measures, compelled Israel to cease fire and withdraw its troops. But the war changed the international situation of the area, US had to reappraise its strategy in the area and according to it, reviewed the strategic status of Israel. The changed view laid the foundation for the forming of the special strategic connection between two countries. The substantial change of US-Israeli relationship occurred during Kennedy administration, the symbol of this was America's agreement of selling complicate weapons and offering security commitment to Israel unilaterally. The framework was followed by next several administrations.The second chapter set forth the strategic cooperation of two countries during crises and conflicts. The strength improvement of Israel and the changed situation of the Middle East made cooperation of two countries no longer the protection of a superpower to a new, weak state, but some type of strategic cooperation. After the breakout of the May Crises and the useless of passive mediation , US gave tacit consent to Israeli army's striking first military actions. Though not involved the conflict directly, US offered the "Protection Umbrella" to Israel, thus helped Israeli finished their military aims. The same kind of cooperation was also embodied in post-war diplomacy, Jordan Crisis of 1970 and October War. The strategic cooperation furthered with the development of crises. But its negative effects were also emerged. Those Cooperations were interpreted by Arab countries as US's bias against them. They were angry at this and followed with political, economic crises. Though Americans had to make some adjustments on its policies to Israel to reduce those negative effects. The analysis of this subject is the main topic of the thirdchapter. Policy adjustments were embodied in mediating Arab-Israel conflicts. Before October War, American paid relatively less attention to this question, but the October War made it urgent for American to solve this problem, so more and more diplomatic resources were invested on it. Several different tactics were adopted and achieved marked effects. In this process, its policies to Israel were also adjusted, so they could comply with the general interests of Americans.In the concluding part of this thesis, the author tried to summarize his understanding on the US-Israel relationship of this period and tried to draw the outline of relations between two countries in the next period.