| I .Subject's meaing 1 General situation of the subjectTusi system was first built up in the Yuan and Ming dynasties in the Jiarong of northwerst Sichuan. .Each Tusi was offered great power, which com curb Tusis toward each other, at same time, help the government defend the borders. But there were so many Tusis that they would often fight each other over blood-line and border problems, In the early Qing dynasty, there were 14 Tusis. They were Muping(In Baoxing county Ya'an area) Gebushizan; (It is also narred Dandong. Near Danba Ganzi) Bawang , Bady (Both in Danba county) Chuosijiabu(In jinchuan , Arba) Cujin (also named large Jinchuan Tusi, in Jinchuan county) Zanla(also named small Jinchuan Tusi, in small Jinchuan county ) Ekesh(also named wory Tusi , in small Jinchuan county), Dangba(also named Danba) Songang, Zhuokegy, Lengmo(these four Tusis are in Markan county Arba ,These four colled the four Tusis ) Zagu(In Li county, Arba ) Wasy(in wenchuan county, Arba),and manyothers . on the first year of Yongzheng(1723), In order to decline the power of Zanla's appointed Cujin as large Jinchuan Anfusi zanla was called small Jinchuan Anfusi. There appeared large and small Jinchuan . Since they both accepted the offered titles, they fought for scattered lands and became more and more powerful. Because they are near Chengdu and far from Tibet, a thoroughfare that linked the Tibetan area of Tibet , Qinghai and Gansu. For large and small Jinchuan robbed other Tusis' lands , which made the border area be disorder, it broke the stronghold of the Tusis' , on the other hand , it threatened the safety of the inland. The Qianlong decided to send troops to punish them-thus creating small and large Jinchuan battles. During the Qianlong period, there were two .battles for large and small Jinchuan.The first one was because Jinchuan Tusi, Selebenxy (the brother of seleben), prisoned small Jinchuan Tusi Zewang and robbed his sword with malicious trick, in the 11th year of Qianlong (1746). In the 12th year (1747).Selebenxy fought Gebeshiza (in Danba county, Ganzy, Sichuan), and Ming Zheng(Kangding county ,Ganzy , Sichuan ), the governor of Sichuan, Ji Shan, reported it to the emperor at once, at same time , he sent troops to put it down ,but he was defeated by the large Jinchuan. The governor of Sichuan and Gansu, Qing Fu advised the emperor to operate the policy "Tibetans rule Tibetans", and ordered the small Jinchuan GebushizaBawan and others secretly tohelp him fight the large Jinchuan. But he failed either ,then Qianlong decided to give punishment to large Jinchuan , so he ordered yungui governor, Zhang Guangsi,to be chuanshan governor., to charge the Tibetan businesses as he did to Miao nation ,he asked him must conquer the Tibetans, and make peace at the border .Zhang Guangsi brought 30,000 soldiers ,divided into ten groups and moved to large Jinchuan from the south and west. The first Jinchuan battle broke out. It lasted 3 years, from the 12th year of Qianlong to the 14th and cost more than 20,000,000 silver coins for this battle. 80,000 soldiers from 3 provinces of the northeast, Beijing, Sichuan, Gansu, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei. were involved in the battle, in the end, the battle finished with Yue Zhongqi's winning, Yue Zhongqi who brought 13 cavalries slipped into the Tusis' fort, accepting their surrender, making the region peaceful for the first time.After the first Jinchuan battle, large and small Jinchuan made an alliance by marriage, they both interfered the Erkersh Mingzheng. In Qianlong 36th year (1776) June, the lord of the large Jinchuan killed the lord of Gebushiza secretly by collaborating with Suonuomu Tusi, defeated Gebushiza, Suonuomu even asked Qing Government to let the people of Gebushiza's serve him, attempt to make his conquering be legislative and the small Jinchuan Tusi Senggesang attracted Erkesh and Minzhen again, the Qing Government immediately sent troops to protect Erkesh, causing the second Jinchuan battle to brake out. The Qing Government sent a punitive expedition aga...
|
PDF Full Text Request