Han And Tang Frontier Fortress Theme

In this dissertation, I mainly discussed frontier poems' themes approximately in five aspects such as suffering of the cold, militarism, homesickness, expedition and social customs on the cultural background from Han dynasty to Tang dynasty. In addition, the creative styles of frontier poems were closely observed.Chapter I. The preface. Getting through inquiry into the specific connotation of Bian and Sea, I compared frontier poems with poems of expedition, poems of native place and poems of borderland, and found the differences among them. Then I gave a rationaldefinition to frontier poems and summarized three features of them-politicization,region and special timeliness. After that, a brief commentary on the researching history of frontier poems was contributed by three stages which included ancient times, modem times and new times. At last, the researching purposes, methods and the major creative viewpoints of this dissertation were introduced.Chapter 1. I discussed why the frontier poems' style of suffering of the cold wasproduced in respects of the natural geography in frontier region, the slow developmentof frontier region and the need for depicting scenery and expressing emotions. Then fourtypes of feeling of suffering of the cold, for instance, expedition, homesickness,disappointment and life-and-death selection, which were expressed in the poems, werestudied to understand the specific connotation of the theme of suffering of the cold.Therefore, the typical styles of suffering of the cold such as Xing of Suffering of the Cold(《苦寒行》) ,Qu of the Rain and Snow (《雨雪曲》) ,Xing of Jioning the Army (《从军行》)were explained and analyzed. Last of all, I observed the style of Yuefu of Longtou Water's(《陇水头》) peculiarity and developing pattern.Chapter 3. After analyzing the specific connotation of militarism, I thought there was no martial spirit but chivalrous spirit in Chinese culture because Chinese culture had been deeply influenced by agricultural life style and traditional moral education. The fusion of nations which took place in Pre-Qin dynasty, East Jin dynasty and South North dynasty developed the spirit of militarism for culture of Qin Han dynasty and Sui Tang dynasty. So the spirit of patriotism, singing of achievements and chivalrous spirit were reflected a lot in frontier poems. Finally, by analyzing the series of Yuefu such as White Horse (《白马篇》) and Xingof Youngsters (《少年行》),I studied the martial spirit in frontier poems. The images of white horse and youngsters in frontier poems not only put new images to the gallery of Tang poetry, but also became the symbol and carrier for national youthful vigor, arrogance and personal loyalty.Chapter IV. I paid much attention to the theme of expedition and analyzed the description of the war between different nations in frontier poems. So the ideas about the war near the frontier which had been written in frontier poems could be closely investigated to understand the deep-going and saddened tragedy spirit. Lastly the typical styles of Yuefu such as Out of the Frontier (《出塞》), Going in the Frontier (《入塞》), Up the Frontier (《塞上》) and Under the Frontier (《塞下》) were explained and analyzed.Chapter V. On the theme of homesickness. I thought the homesickness was thecommon feeling of human being, and the agricultural life style and traditional moral education had strengthened mis land of feeling. By sorting out the developing history of the system of conscription from Han dynasty to Tang dynasty, I thought the main characteristic of the system of conscription which was the reason that the theme of homesickness had brought about at that time was extensive, lasting and tough. Then the differences among the homesickness of people on a journey, the soldiers' homesickness and the homesickness of the assistants to a general were found out to inquire the transformation of frontier poems' theme of homesickness and its characteristic. Moreover, I analyzed the modes of homesickness such as the Moon of Guans...