Studies On The Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue (春秋谷梁学) In The Qing Dynasty

The dissertation summarizes and studies various achievements of the Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang- Xue(春秋谷梁学) in the Qing (清) dynasty. Needing to discuss question, how did continued andtranscended? What contents and characters the Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue had? Compared with pastdynasties, what is its history status? Compared with the Zuo-Zhuan (《左传》 ) and Gong-Yang-Zhuan(《公羊传》) achievements in the same times, what is its history status? It need not only graspmacroscopically, but also study microcosmically.The Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang- Xue had developed for two thousands years, it had begun at the Gu-Liang-Zhuan (《谷梁传》) of annotating the Chun-Qiu(《春秋》 ). Among annotating the Chun-Qiu, the Gu-Liang-Zhuan had produce original spirit which "kingcraft" thought had become fundamentality, it had embodied "Lu Xue" (鲁学) character. After Han Xuan Di (汉宣帝) had established the Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue as official school, flourishing impermanent, under "out of official school" situation, the Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue of the past dynasties had presented various forms: Liang Han(两汉) being chapter-sentence learning, the Wei Jin Nan Bei(魏晋南北朝) dynasties being annotation learning, the Tang (唐)dynasty being meaning explanation learning. After middle Tang dynasty, Dan & Zhao's new Chun-Qiu school with "themselves style" had made the Song dynasty into empty meaning annotating classics. The scholars one after the other had being abandoned the annotations of the Han & Tang dynasties, suspected classics and refuted commentaries. The studying classics style hadn't changed until the Yuan(元) & Ming(明) dynasties.From the late Ming dynasty to the early Qing dynasty, Chen Di, Fang Yizi, Gu Yanwu, Huang Zongxi, Wang Fuzi, Mao Qiling, Yan Ruoqu, Hu Wei, in consideration of empty and shallow style of study because of not reading, had called on "knowing phonology and studied words", returned to sources, using classics to save Li(理) learning poverty, had both Han and Song learning characters. Until the Qian-Jia(乾隆,嘉庆) times, the representative scholars, as Hui Dong, Dai Zhen, Qian Daxin, had selected the classical and historical textual research, or sticking stubbornly to the gate of Han learning, or being practical and realistic, they were all special Han learning. In Han learning being flourishing, its shortcoming, such as "fragmentary doctrine" and alienating practice, had made Chang Zhou(常州) scholars to revive Jin Wen(今文) Confucian classics. Obviously, the learning general trends of the Qing dynasty had taken on early, Qian Jia, after Dao Xian(道光,咸丰 ) three periods. Development of Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue was same as it, but it was more accurate that Ruan Yuan's Huang-Qing-Jing-Jie(《皇清经解》 ) had been regarded as time division. Early and middle periods of the Qing dynasty, the scholars of studying Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue were less, especially there were a lack of specialists, them's achievements also weren't high. Jin Wen Confucian classics renaissance and "Han learning" active moderately, Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue had attained large development, such as large numbers of scholar, prominent achievements and levels, various methods, made it reach peak of Chun-Qiu-Gu-Liang-Xue two thousands years.Observing synthetically Chun Qiu Gu Liang Xue of the Qing dynasty, it had various characters.