The Study On Space Form Of The Capital Cities In Tang And Song Dynasties

There are many problems in study on space form of ancient capital cities in China, such as the concept of the form is confused with that of form system and the integral study on every special subject factor in capital regional space is relatively weak. In view of this situation, the paper chose Chang'an in Tang Dynasty and Dong Jing in Bei Song Dynasty which were the important and representational capitals in ancient China as research object and space form as research aspect and gave them many practical research by using many methods and absorbing the latest achievements of the forms-assort theory and environment behavior theory of Modern City Geography. By analyzing and comparing between the factors of space form in the two capitals, the paper opens out evolution trait, development skeleton, influential factors, dynamic mechanism of space form on two capitals in the period of Tang and Song Dynasties.We know that the period of transition in Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty is a great change in the feudal society of China. By inspecting the feature of this change in space form of the Capitals, We may clear the transform track in the fields of social ideology, economic structure, and political system. Therefore, the paper enriches the study content of historical city geography, builds study frames and discusses basic theories about space form of historic cities. We hope that the research will be beneficial to programming of historic cities, protecting and continuing contextually of culture and tourism exploitation of ancient capital city.The whole paper has ten chapters or three parts. The part one includes the first and second chapter, its main contents are fixing research objective, analyzing study situation, choosing starting point, defining research contents and significance. The paper analyses the concept, connotation and factors system of space form ancient capitals in China. Part two includes the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth chapter, etc. On the former base, the part in-depth discusses a kind of space forms in Tang and Song Dynasties capital, for example city wall space form that is composed of city wall, street, dike and axes, business space form managed from workshop system to business street system, spare and entertainment space form facing the whole civil, solid space form of combined landform with building, space form be composed of gardens and greenbelt. Part there includes the ninth and tenth chapter. The part analyzes the influential factors of evolution of capital space form, exposes the structure feature, interactive relation and evolution rule of these space forms are known and puts forward that function system and evolving dynamic mechanism of space form evolution of ancient Capital in China. Last the partsummarizes the whole paper.Finally, the paper reaches the basic conclusions as follows according to above researches. (1)The space form of Ancient capital in China is the multidimensional spatial system that is composed of frame, shape and interactive relation of form factors. The researches on space form of Ancient Capitals in China should include center section form, derivative section form outside city wall and solid space form.(2)The political function of ancient capital determines that the form frame and value conception of political center section in ancient capital haven't been changed, although the space form of city wall evolves from rigid to flexible. However form frame of economic activity section in ancient capitals were gigantically changed with the social development and business economy prosperity. In forepart of Tang Dynasty, workshop system in Tang Chang'an was especially hard and it became flexible gradually in mid-late times, .Meantime, business space of Tang Chang'an gradually extended. Business space form in Tang Chang'an evolved from double core symmetry to "one core and one section" symmetry. In Bei-Song, closed workshop system was crashed and new town street system appeared. Compared with Tang Chang'an's, business space of Dongjing became more extensive and its form construct became more complex in Song Dynasty. Business space form of Dongjing displayed anomalous circle belt of directing center and formed rigid levels system. Character of public entertainment space in Tang Chang'an were its function was contained in else space, its factors had few styles and concentrated to the center section, its function frame was simple. Compared with Tang Chang'an, public entertainment space in Song Dongjing continuously spread: Washe which was used for special entertainment and opened to common civilian appeared, the commonality of royal and private gardens was strengthened. The way of entertainment space's development was multiplicity in content and diversification in function. In process of capitals' solid space form in Tang and Song Dynasties evolving, Tang Chang's was the nonesuch in aspect that its buildings were arranged ingeniously according to its topography to build the solid space form of capital. The solid space form of Tang Chang'an was the expression of capital political function. A marked trait of Song Dongjing's solid space form was the luxury alcohol building took up important station in factors composition of solid space. The solid space form of Song Dongjing was the outer stretch of its economic function. Both Tang Chang'an and Song Dongjing paid highly regards to building gardens and greenbelts. The paper educed a conclusion that gardens and greenbelts of Tang Chang'an was block-belt construction and that of Song Dongjing was circle-belt frame. On the base of textual researching and analyzing gardens and greenbelts in two capitals outside and inside, it pointed out that the function of villa and gardens in Dongjing outside had complex...