The Nation State Consciousness And Modern Native Soil Novels

In fact,the thing which was become modern literature since the May Fourth Movement is a kind of " national country's literature ". this is because the Modern Chinese Literature and Chinese course of entering the modern national country just move ahead simultaneously.The national crisis has promoted the awakening of national country's consciousness. In front of the serious crisis day by day, the intellectual begins to seek to save the nation and rescue the people's good recipe to the west, they have chosen the national country's theory emerging in teaching beginners the movement in the west very naturally , Setting up a modem national country that contends with the west becomes China's common history of the 20th century to demand too.After a series of difficult exploration, the intellectual represented by Lu Xun realizes the foundation that the modern national country establishes is a modernization of the national spirit , especially the modernization of peasants' spirit is changed into the focal point that the intellectual pays close attention to. Under acting on commonly in era and one's own development of literature, the native soil novel arises at the historic moment. The theory of native soil literature is finished by Zhou Zuoren , Lu Xun , Mao Dun ,etc. mainly, but they are about different views of native soil literature, in fact has later on influenced the writer's creation. The appearance of native soil literature, not merely make new-vernacular literature obtain incomparably deep thought inside information from Chinese history of native soil, the thought of the May Fourth Movement against feudalism has got strong embodiment in the native soil novel, new-vernacular literature realism can be developed because of appearance of the native soil novel too.For the national country's theory of developing China, the intellectual has introduced the national character theory. Born in the native soil novel of period of the May Fourth Movement, Israel transformed national character as one's own thought theme , but because concrete tasks that the national country of China builds and constructs in different historical periods are different, the intension of national country's consciousness is different thereupon too, this has influenced change ofthought theme of the native soil novel and value orientation, influenced the change on art at the same time .In the May Fourth Movement period, building constructing and laying particular emphasis on to set up modern national country's necessary national spirit of the national country, for realize national modernization of spirit change , Must criticize completely the traditional culture that has already lost vigor, In Lu Xun is representatives' native soil writer, It demonstrates that criticizes color in strong culture to transform the national character thought, The native soil writer is sending and residing the thought that transforms national character by oneself in the show of the township wind folk custom.Meanwhile, As intellectual being with teach beginners thought is it examine closely native soil China and at the traditional culture to come,the intellectual has begun the awakening of tragic consciousness. During the process of criticizing the happy reunion mode of the tradition, the May Fourth Movement intellectual puts forth effort on the establishment of the modern tragic view, this shows realistic spirit and culture to the tragic origin cause of formation which faces life directly are inquired after, Lu Xun's native soil novel has created the model of tragic art. Lu Xun not only pays attention to the tragic discovery in ordinary life ,but also cast the sight criticized on tragic protagonist oneself, look for the tragic origin cause of formation from tragic protagonist oneself. On the artistic tactics, Lu Xun has created the sad artistic tactics that likes to blend , bring tragic art up to a new level, have influenced large quantities of writers' creation at that time.The thirties, building constructing the modernization that has already laid particular emphasis on national spirit since the May Fourth Movement period to change of the modern national country, turn to the real society and struggle. On one hand , because of the invasion of Japan , have excited compatriots to the aspiration setting up the modern national country greatly; On the other hand, because the Kuomintang and Communist, to different imaginations setting up the modern national country, make two party take place long-term struggle, The two have all put forward one's own demand to the utility of literature and art. Is it lay particular emphasis on behalf of native soil writer native soil novel writer outlook on life and world outlook throw to regard left wing as,under the guidance of proletariat's thought, Native soil novel ofMao Dun pay attention to peasant class consciousness and struggle the affirmation of spirit even more,and has ignored the show of the course of struggling with the traditional thoughts to peasant's advanced idea, This make the May Fourth Movement native soil culture novel open criticize consciousness seem simple and impetuous to conversion , class of consciousness. In art, affected by class struggle thought, the left wing writer regards literature as the tool of struggle consciously, so, in conformity with aesthetic prevailing custom of the times, native soil literature of the thirties demonstrates the aesthetic pursuit to literature of" strength " on the whole, displaying " simplifying " and " straight language " inclination concretly. In art, this behaves particularly obviously in native soil literature of left wing .Form compare with Shen Congwen's native soil novel with left wing native soil novel. Look from essence , the tradition of the thought that Shen Congwen's creation has not left the May Fourth Movement to teach beginners , but the way that he chooses is out of the common. Shen Congwen hopes to realize the reconstruction of national morality through the change of a kind of abstract idea, and then set up modern national country's necessary modern national spirit , but because the attitude to Chinese poem of native soil which Shen Congwen demonstrates in the works, the ones that have concealed and contained in his novel have transformed the national character thought.In art, because Shen Congwen lays particular emphasis on the change of the abstract idea, objects to regarding literature and art as the tool of the class struggle, he regards thought art of the works as an organic whole , and reach the new height in the form of the novel is created, " border town " is its masterpiece. But because of the change of the times, Shen Congwen's native soil is lyrical and silent and mute gradually .The forties, building constructing and entering one new historical time of the modern national country. The victory of Anti-Japanese War has excited a heart and self-confidence of Chinese nation greatly; On the other hand, grow stronger day by day in the liberated area that Communist Party leads, it is within sight to capture the national victory- In order to meet the arrival of new China, must unify the understanding theoretically , offer ideological impetus for new China (modern national country ) that will established soon, this requires political service at present of literature and art .Because most intellectuals have lost due and calm and independent spirit , the writer of liberated area lays particular emphasis on and displays peasants to economically win new mental outlook shown after liberation in politics, though some writers involve transforming the national character question, it has already been covered in the realistic political struggle, do not reply and have independent meanings.In art, literature of liberated area demonstrates the obvious trend coming back to the tradition, this is mainly because peasants are regarded as the leading strength of deciding the war win and defeat, its political interests and value orientation will inevitablely influence the policy direction of culture , so, The nationalization , popularization of literature become the choices of the times. Compared with native soil novel of the May Fourth Movement, The local color of literature of liberated area and scenery picture have already disappeared basically, Even the seal socialized and politicized on is it fight even to having, This means hardening and desalinization of one's own native soil flavor.Therefore, the native soil novel has begun from native soil to rural transformation.In fact, in set up modern national country history of globality this national country consciousness produced influence as influence creation of writer too in demanding, influenced the acceptance of the native soil novel and travelled at the same time . The intellectual represented by Lu Xun is under the domination of national country's consciousness, having accepted the criticism thought of national character from the west, but because Lu Xun accepted western thought was not an origin, rational consciousness stem from body psychology , life of physical culture institute experience since , make him while accepting this theory, and has carried on the Jie Gou to it unconsciously, " A Q main story " is a result of his contradiction thought.Xiao Hong's representatives often considered as national country's literature of" life and death field " of novels, Its basic reason is such results studying in the novel by mistake under colored eyes of the national country as Lu Xun ,etc." The original idea of " life and death field " is not for propagating the war of resistance, but experience and set out from women's unique life, Pass the description of the death , disease , sex , expressed the writer's unique understanding to women's destiny In Xiao Hong's view, the sense of ownership of the national country belongs to man to a great extent,the main enemy that women face is the patriarchy society, the meaning grown and died not merely displays on the national rise and fall, but lie in the suffering that the bodies of women receive, though the novel has transmitted so many Information contrary to understanding of Lu Xun ,etc, but at that time criticism under national coloured domination of eyes of country house, falling into the blind spot read.We can say , " life and death field " is a part of classics misunderstood .As what Zhao Shuli of the representative and writer of liberated area represented being another kind of tradition of Chinese new-vernacular literature of the 20th century. Though Zhao Shuli's creation has obvious utility color , But he has put forward the question of a lot of modernity by way of folk writing that melted . It is that the culture of implementing democracy the countryside is worried at first, secondly it is the modernity thinking to people's sexual liberation. Meanwhile, Zhao Shuli did the creative change to the folk form , solved the popular problem of the May Fourth Movement new-vernacular literature completely, in the language is created, Local ones that combined with universality were the a bit more best that Zhao Shuli seek,thus push new-vernacular literature to a new height of development. After liberation, because the national country builds and constructs finishing basically, modernized second step of goals requires the writer to educate the people with socialist spirit , but because Zhao Shuli still remains at the stage of the question novel, add the change of reader's colony, it is unavoidable too that Zhao Shuli is treated coldly.