The System Of Governmental Social Security During The Ming And Qing Periods

Social security system is a type of institutional arrangement, which includes both formal and informal institutional arrangement. It is a dynamic and open system. Along with the continual changes of risks in people's lives, its intension and extension would also change. Tradition social security system is the social security system that occurs before modern social security system, which is the basis of modern social security system. These two types of systems are both affected by economic, politic, cultural factors of certain period. Because the Chinese government has attached much attention to the development of social security cause, the exploration of a social security system that is suitable for China has become a popular subject in related academic research. The present research mainly focuses on studying the western social security systems, and does not concern much about the traditional Chinese social security system. However, it is very important to study China's traditional systems and experience if we want to find an appropriate way of developing China's social security system. This is the basis of this research.This thesis will not explore the whole history of the development of China's social security system; it just chooses the Ming and Qing periods as its subject of study. The Ming and Qing periods last more than two thousand years in Chinese history, and in this period China's centralized bureaucracy and social economic development has been pushed to a new and higher stage. So the study on this period would be helpful for the exploration of how to develop China's social security system.The Ming and Qing periods are successive in time, and have much common things in laws, political systems and culture and so on. That is why they could be studied together.The traditional social security systems establish in Ming and Qing periods include security provided by the government, civilian charity...