Researches On Neolithic Cultures At Southern And Northern Areas Of Yan Shan Mountain

The southern and northern areas of Yan Shan Mountain are from Yiwulu Mountain, west cost of Liao Dong gulf, and west coast of Pohai in the east, to Sukexielu Mountain, western margin of Zhaowuda Plateau, and west end of Yan Shan Mountain in the west, from Songhua River and Liao River watershed in the north, to Yongding River and Hai River in the south. In this broad area, there are lots of rivers, such as, Wu' erjimulun River, West Liao River (includes Xilamulun River, Laoha River and Jiaolai River), Daling River, Xiaoling River, Luan River, Ju River, Chaobai River, Yongding River and Hai River. The location is between 115° 30' -123° 30' E, 39° -44° 30' N. The whole region looks like lean strip from northeastwards to southwestwards. The longest distance from northeast to southwest is 730km, and the broadest from northwest to southeast is 396km. The whole area is nearly 300 thousand km2.At the end of 19th century, archaeological survey of Neolithic was carried out in this area. In 1921, the cave site of Shaguotun in Jinxi was excavated, which is the first excavation of Chinese modern archaeology. On this point, southern and northern area of Yan Shan Mountain could be viewed as the origin of Chinese modern archaeology. After the foundation of new Republic China, several cultural relic investigations were processed in this area, and plentiful sites of Neolithic were found. To corporate with the construction and projects researches, some Neolithic sites and burials were discovered, based on which archaeological cultures were named.Although we had great achievements on such research, there are still some problems need to be solved. Different ideas exist on chronology of cultures:...