Contemporary China In The Context Of Marx And Hayek,

Socialist market economy is defined as the aims of the reform of China, which is the fundamental cause for the contact of two types of ideas, Marxist socialism and Hayek liberalism in the field of practice.The fact that Marxism and liberalism, socialism and capitalism, start the process of coexistence and dialogue after a long period of confrontation of ideas and opposition of systems in the late 20th century indicates that the two ideas are not incompatible. The superiority of liberalism in China originates in the development of market economy. The two kinds of cultural resources of Marxism as a kind of ideology and liberalism as the guideline of economic activities that the practice of the market economy in China factually faces provide the access to the dialogue between the two ideas. The internal tension existing respectively in the creative socialist theory and Chinese the reform practice of China indicates the inevitability of their contact. To promote the process of Marxism with Chinese characteristics requires the achievement of theoretical innovation of Marxism, the latter of which expressly involves in examining again the relations between Marxism and liberalism.The ideas of Marxism and Hayek both stem from the social and cultural context of the West, as well as their common goal of liberty. Their disagreement lies in the roads and methods for the establishment of liberty. Marx attributes the achievement of individual liberty to the process of laboring freely and the overwhelming possession of leisure time for individuals. Consequently, he views the liberty from the perspective of aesthetics and sets up the premises of proletarian liberation. Hayek carries on the sequence of ideas of Locke, Hume and Smith and constructs the system of limited liberty based on limited rationality and limited knowledge. He strongly denies that the rationalism constructivists design the development road for human being's future by collective program, and emphasizes that the limitation of human being's cognitive ability. However, he ignores the characteristics of limitation of individuals' decision-making for actions and takes a one-sided approach to problems.Marx and Hayek both continue with the traditional spirit of Western culture, hold the social relations in reality as the starting point of their theoretical research, seek the road of social reform in understanding the social relations in reality, intervene in the development process of human beings under the pattern of being positive. They both admit that the spontaneity of the capitalist society and the contingency of human being's existence. However, Marx harshly criticizes and refutes it while Hayek cherishes much hope on it. Marx discovers the rules of social development upon analyzing the evolution history of capitalist society and human being's production mood, while Hayek extends the contingency of individuals' lives to the whole human society and refutes the law of social development with the uncertainty of individuals' lives. Marx affirms the function of human rationality, at the same time admits the internal limitation of rationality, i.e. people can only master the infiniteness with limited means and the balance between people nature and society could be damaged if such a point is ignored, while Hayek looks down...