Study On Dunhuang Shehui Jingji Wenxian Zhenji Shilu

The five-volume Dunhuang Shehui Jingji Wenxian Zhenji Shilu (abbreviated of Shilu ) by Tang Geng-ou and Lu Hong-ji is the collection of Dunhuang's Social and economic comprehensive documents. It collects 1391 pieces of the social and economic documents which can be classified into 34 kinds. It records the social and economic information of that time and keeps a lot of original appearance of the spoken language of the Tang and the Wudai Dynasty. This paper from the perspective of the Chinese language and character absorbs many specialists'achievements and studies Shilu in full scale based on checking Dunhuang manuscripts and making sure of the accuracy of the manuscripts.This paper gets to work from collating, basing on checking Dunhuang manuscripts, correcting some mistakes of the transcripts about Shilu's, pointing out some improprieties of Dunhuang manuscripts and trying to verify some informal characters with the reference books now available. This paper holds that there are three problems in the collating of Shilu: (1) Confusing the resemble characters for incaution or giving the wrong explanations for making a mistake by identifying the informal characters (2) Omitting the characters which indeed in the manuscripts without any deleted symbols (3) Correcting the manuscripts directly. But some of the corrections are only exchanges of variant form of the characters and it seems unnecessary. Others have corrected the mistakes of the manuscripts but changed the original appearance (4) It has been a long time since Dunhuang manuscripts were found so some have been damaged. The level of the men who transcribed the manuscripts is greatly disparate so that there are a lot of mistakes. The miniaturized film and the pictures of Dunhuang Baozang are not clear enough so we have to deliberate deeply. Except that, we should consider carefully about the periods and commas of Shilu.Based on collating, this paper studies the Tongdu phenomenon (the phenomenon that the word borrows meaning from its homophonic word) of Shilu thoroughly and points out three kinds of mistakes made by Shilu: (1) Giving the wrong explanations because of misunderstanding the contexts (2) Some time it must be explained by Tongdu but Shilu did not do (3) Some time it can be understood without Tongdu but it does. From this, the paper summarizes the special Tongdu phenomena about Dunhuang documents: (1) The relationship between Benzi (the original word) and Tongdu-Zi (the homophonic word) in Dunhuang documents reflects some language features of the northwest area in the Tang and the Wudai Dynasty which different from Guangyun and Qieyun systems (2) Many transcripts of Dunhuang documents are not standard and mistakes are very common. Dunhuang documents have a long history and been damaged seriously so that some characters cannot be recognized. All of these add to the difficulty of the study on Tongdu-Zi. The identification of the character is the premise of proper understanding and also the key of distinguishing Tongdu-Zi (3) The use of Tongdu-Zi about Dunhuang documents can be proved by the similar article in different texts (especially the same article in different manuscripts) and the explanation during the contexts except be proved by the Chinese classical books.This paper also gives a systematic study on the words of Shilu and finds the new words and the...