Utopia Writing On Near And Modern Chinese Novel

Combing and inducing literature phenomenon related to Utopia thought special characteristic in the Chinese modern novel texts, the paper researches that as one kind of thought type the Utopia presented difference and the complexity when it entered the novel texts, which can cut into the Utopia function and the significance from the literature angle. The paper is composed by five parts; the main content is as follows:On the base of Analysising the connotation of "Utopia", the introduction elaborated the inner link amony Utopia and person's existence as one kind of spiritual tendency, as well as the special narrative pattern with the way of literature imagination. "Utopia" hides the paradox meaning looking resembles which "happy" and "nowhere" in the double meaning righteousness is often neglected. The significance deviation which occurred in the language crossing border travel and Marxism founder's severe critique intensified the people's "toread by mistake".Utopia is "trend" or "hope" which is "temporarily prevented by the extant influence but actually has the possibility of realization". It is also one kind of pursue of human surmounting own limite and lonely existence. It is the manner of essence displays as a person. "Common custom" is general character characteristic, and "Village" and "city" is respectively performance about the ideal form of society of China and Western Utopia. On the other side, as one kind of article class with rich shape, Utopia literature already formed special narration factor and structure. Spatial construction and time flow are two basic essential factors. It mostly established in some place secluded from the world or the present world in addition to a new dimension in time, which caused people to arrive the hoped time .English scholar Krishan Kumar proposed that "China has not formed Utopia literature tradition", which had the suitable subjectivity to argument premise and Utopia concept limit. Utopia shouldn't define in the too narrow significance, but emphatically inspect its connotation as a society constitute concept. Although China and western Utopia are different in name and content, they also are the cultural imagination of human with ideal color speaking of " implication" or "content".The first chapter elaborated " looked front" Political Utopia at the beginning of 20th century, which was the prelude and seed of Utopia in the modern time. It was also the important performance shape which classical Utopia reformed to modern Utopia. As the important manifestation of Chinese classical Utopia , Datong thought obtained new elaboration in Kang Youwei's "the Datong Book". The enthusiasm yearned for beautiful prospect and the modern idea of custom life gazed to "the person" caused it breakthrough and surmount inherent static condition of Chinese and Western classical Utopia. Moreover, it made the reality to be full with "new strength" relying on literature imagination. Continues it, intellectual outlined future blueprint of the political or technical Utopia with the aid of novel. The significance of Utopia thought does not lie in objective description about reallity, but subjectively expresses about ideal world. In literature imagination related future nation-state regime "new China", intellectual reposed grand ideal and urgent expectation of promoting China and transforming state system. Because fervently hope of saving nation , late-Qing Utopia frequently was fulled with nationalism consciousness as the former honor about restoration "old big country", revenge, and domination over global world, which caused time view of the novel to present one kind of the complex form returning to "future".Because the science-fiction Utopia was unable freely to adapt model transformation of "the new novel", it presented certain insufficiently front-modern characteristic mature.The second chapter discussed "looked after" Local Utopia narrative shape in modern time, which took Jing-style writer as represent and expresses literature ideal of "remolding national character" through reminiscing the pass memory. The village was the important place where they used to stay drifting soul and constructed Utopia dream, "Border Town", "Peach Garden", "Orchard City" and so on just constituted a narrative evolution related homeland. Edge consciousness and cultural standpoint were the resource of Local Utopia. While constructing poetic Local Utopia, the rationality with the strength of counter- Utopia latent decomposed these beautiful" Old World". No matter "Border town" carefully constructing by Shen Congwen or "Peach garden" looked indulging oneself by Fei Ming, the writers all wrote "negative" factor which caused Local Utopia disintegrated with clear words. These countryside world both far away and insinuate the reality, bore instinct happiness of the readers with Utopia form , the sublimation from intrinsic constrains as well the critique to modern civilization, which aroused the people "hopes" strength sufficiently destroying frighten and "has logical, truly correction ability as well as keen brains ". With counter- Utopia technique from "him" angle, Lao She wrote the novel " the Records of Cat City " related modem China image, which responded and supplied Local Utopia narrative shape of modern Jing-style from another side. It gathered satire, tease, play, funnily to one body, which grafted the mode of Chinese classical novel and western counter-Utopia novel , and then achieved " Special varity" counter-Utopia novel style on Chinese modem literature history.The third chapter analyzed "looked front" Revolutionary Utopia narrative shape in the modern time, and then Local Utopia and Revolutionary Utopia constituted main Utopia narrative performance shape in modern time. Socialist Revolution Utopia could root and grow in China healthy and strong depended on left-wing writer's earnest hope to the future political power. "The revolution is a rebellion, a motion of which one social class overthrows another social class ". Carrying " Conquering storm by storm "of strong ideology influence.Farmer and female, who were in the social first floor and oppressed by kinds of strength for a long time, became the best object loading Revolution Utopia literature imagination. In the novel of left-wing, as "the most general and allied forces" in Chinese proletariat revolution, the farmer were changed from the former image, who glowed brave and selfless moving brilliance. Literature narrates of the farmer's collective rebellion and individual growth concerned farmer were the most convenient and effective way transmitting revolutionary faith as well as molding revolutionary myth. At the same time, revolution provided modern female who were not be ease to traditional sex role the best historical choice of individual emancipation. Mao Dun's Utopia imagination to revolutionary feminine had rich complex meaning. Sun Wuyang, Zhang Qiuliu and so on quietly removed old image in Chinese literature narrative. Their saint revolution feminine covered attractive and immoral woman image. Ye Zi's novel "Star" was a special text concerned female revolution, in which Mei Chun showed " some essences aspects of revolutionary "with the vivid and rich individuality. In front of warm love, holy and lofty "revolution" heartlessly encountered oppression, but precisely this narrative crevasse enabled the novel to transmit beautiful human nature which will not forever cover by revolution.The odd made the description and the induction that Local Utopia and Revolutionary Utopia in modern time extended and developed in contemporary literature. 17 years-literature was carrying on one kind of radical literature ideal pattern, in which the victor stood at the beginning of time and "newly constructed" to "the essence" of the history. No matter in revolutionary history theme novel or in countryside theme novel, revolutionary heroism spirit was all brimming over the university, and this increasingly fierce Utopia impulse finally moved towards the extreme with the arrival of "the Great Cultural Revolution". On the other side, since new time, along with Chinese society's reforming, Local Utopia became the area where the writers searched with hardship to perch their soul once again. In the novel related countryside of Wang Zengqi, Jia Pingwa, Zhang Wei and so on, moral idealism and esthetic Utopia appeared as important strength criticizing modernity. Counter- Utopia novels wrote by Cutting-edge writer outstood intrinsic power in Chinese Utopia literature, and it enriched and deepened shape and significance of near and modern novel about Utopia writing , which reconsidered Chinese Utopia thought and 20th century revolution practice impulse.