A Study On The Spirit Of Utopia In Modern Chinese Literature

The spirit of utopia refers to a universal psychological demand and a trend of value,namely that society can be remoulded to achieve a rational ideal. Criticism, transcendence and non-reality constitute its three features. In the twentieth century, Chinese society was facing transition, turbulent situation from domestic and abroad. On the other hand, ideological trends like nationalism, Anarchism, liberalism affected Chinese writers' feelings and expressions.Twin crises of political order and cultural orientation promoted to wake awareness of critique in Chinese modern literature.Writers' demand of breaking the old world to create a new order reflects strong spirit of utopia. Sino-Japanese War broke out so that writers once stood on the nationalist stance to write.Desire for victory and peace constitute the strongest dimension of the utopian spirit of this period.Ideology in the form of national spirit was consistent and to a degree garbled with the core of spirit of utopia,which led to the emergence of distortion crossroads of the spirit of utopia in modern Chinese literature.This paper is based on Ernst Bloch's theory on the spirit of utopia and reference history of modern Chinese literature movement, thoughts history, a full analysis of historical and literary works, attempts to analyze the transmutation from “human literature”put forward in the May4 th Movement of 1919 to the writing on utopia, to explain literary writing and cultural representation in Chinese modern literature on the politic utopia, moral utopia and aesthetic utopia.By analyzing the cross-cutting issue between the Spirit of Utopia and ideology after the Anti-Japanese War and funding of People's Republic of China, sketched the trend of the spirit of utopia in Chinese modern literature.We can make a conclude that people need the spirit of utopia when we look back to the development path of it in Chinese modern literature.