Northeast Koreans Colonial Education Policy Research

This paper explores the policies, changes and nature of Japanese colonial education on Koreans in Northeastern China from the establishment of "Kando schools" in 1908 to Japan's surrender in 1945.The paper falls into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion.The first part introduces the aims, significance, literature and ways of the study.Chapter One states the beginning of the Japanese colonial education on Koreans. After introducing the Korean communities and its education system in Northeastern China, it focuses on the educational invasion of Japan in Kando with the establishment of Kando schools as well as Japanese interference in Korean schools, which resulted in Sino-Japanese contradictions.Chapter Two illustrates the increase of Japanese colonial education on Koreans since 1920s and resistance from Chinese government and Korean communities. It is shown in that not only Korean governor but also Manchu Railway Co. as well as Japanese individuals were running schools; that competency over Korean education is divided between Korean governor and Manchu Railway Co.; areas and numbers of Korean school under Korean governor and Manchu Railway Co. are increasing; Korean schools under Japanese follows Korean education system, aiming for national assimilation and obscurantism; educational invasion from Japan caused resistance from Chinese government and Korean communities.Chapter Three introduces Japanese control of Korean education and hard time of Korean education since "918" Event. Establishment of "Manchukuo" brought some changes in Japanese policies of Korean education, from previous policies of "being Japanese citizens" to dual educational policies of "being Japanese citizens as well as Manchu citizens" in order for its own benefit, from share of competency to complete control over Korean education.Chapter Four illustrates the establishment and all-round implement of Japanese enslaving education as well as Korean education after the cancellation of extraterritoriality. Japanese issued "New School System" in 1937 in order for typical colonial education system and plunder of human resources in "Manchukuo". To enlarge army resources, "Imperial Citizenship" education was carried out after 1938, with the Korean schools reorganized, all-round Japanese enslaving education implemented.Chapter Five explains the establishment of wartime system and special education under the system with the strengthen of spiritual education, militarized education. Declination and extinction of Japanese colonialism was witnessed during 1940 and 1945, when its policy, economy, culture and education were experiencing wartime system. In order to meet the needs of wartime system, education was totally placed on the track of military and politics and became the continuance of military and politics. The resistance from Koreans against colonial education is also illustrated. The last part summarizes and concludes, focusing on the features and nature of the Japanese colonial education on Koreans.The paper focuses its study on the vertical structure and changes of the Japanese colonial education on Koreans Northeastern China, aiming to make section analysis of Japanese colonial education in order to unveil the nature of Japanese colonial education and reveal the rough experiences of Korean education.