Study Of The Song Dynasty In Jiangsu And Zhejiang Swank

China is a country of poetry.Rich literature of ancient poetry in all history have high literary value and important value of language."The poetry is a valuable literature of understanding pronunciation." The ancient poetry provide us with sufficient raw materials for studying ancient voice.After the poetry in Tang Dynasty,the poetry in Song Dynasty continued to develop.Song Dynasty boasted a large quality of the poetry of poems.The poetry in Song Dynasty had a remarkable achievements in the arts.In Song Dynasty,Jiang Zhe(江浙) area was in a large population,economically developed,had profound cultural heritage,prosperous literature.The article mainly uses "the multiple evidence",that is to say,the combination of "verification of historical documents" and "history of Comparative".we study the rhyme in Jiang Zhe(江浙)in Song Dynasty by a large number of historical documents,such as notes, the collection of composition inTang Dynasty and Song Dynasty.collection of and by rich documents of modern dialect.The article attepts to make a study of the rhyming of 78214 poems written by 1993 poets in all poetry in Song Dynasty(全宁詩),who were from Jiang Zhe(江浙) area in Song Dynasty.The article has generalised their rhyming system which consists of 18 rhyme categories,that's is to say,7 Yin-sheng(陰聲),7 Yang-sheng(陽聲) and 4 Ru-sheng(入聲).Yin-sheng(陰聲):Ge-Ge(歌戈),Ma-Che(麻車),Jie-Lai(皆來),Zhi-Wei(支微), Yu-Mo(魚模),Xiao-Hao(蕭豪),You-Hou(尤侯);Yang-sheng(陽聲);Jian-Lian(監廉), Qin-Xun(侵尋),Han-Xian(寒先),Zhen-Wen(真文),Geng-Qing(庚青),Jiang-Yang(江陽), Dong-Zhong(東鍾);Ru-sheng(入聲):Wu-Zhu(屋燭),Duo-Jue(鐸覺),Yue-Tie(月帖), Zhi-Ji(質緝).The rhyming system consistents with the rhyming system used in the standard language in Song Dynasty.This fact indicts the poets in Jiang Zhe(江浙) area in Song Dynasty used the same rhyme system as in the standard language.The rhyme system by Jiang Zhe(江浙) poets in Song Dynasty shows some important phonetic changes.For example,the character of Jia(佳) rhyme catepory and the character of Guai(夬) rhyme catepory fall into Ma-Che(麻車) catepory.And Hui(灰) rhyme catepory and He-kou(合口) of Tai(泰) rhyme belong to Jie-Lai(皆來) but at the same time some character rhymes fall into Zhi-Wei(支微) catepory.The labial initial characters in You-Hou(尤侯) fall into Yu=Mo(魚模).The characters of De(德) fall into Wu-Zhu(屋燭) catepory. Ru-sheng-Yun(入聲韻) with -p,-t,-k as the final consonants mix together to a large extent, some of which become glottal -(?).At the same time,there are rhyme characteristics between Yin-sheng-Yun(陰聲韻) and Ru-sheng-Yun(入聲韻),which shows the final consonants of Ru-sheng-Yun(入聲韻) tended to weaken and disappear.Through the analysis of rhyming situation of voiced-rising-tone characters,we find the qualifies of the voiced-rising-tone characters with Qu-Sheng(去聲) is same as the voiced-rising-tone characters with Shang-Sheng(上聲).At the same time,the qualities of the voiced-rising-tone characters with Shang-Sheng(上聲)and Qu-Sheng(去聲) is far more than the front two cases.This fact shows that the voiced-rising-tone characters was in the process of evolution to Qu-Sheng(去聲).The analysis of irregular rhyme characters is one of the the importont tasks in the study of rhyme.The analysis of some irregular rhyme characters in JiangZhe(江浙) poets can make up for the shortage of rhyming books and trace their evolution and diferent pronunciation.The article analyses some irregular rhyme in detail of the rhyming system in Jiang Zhe(江浙) poets in Song Dynasty,which is neither cosistent with the rhyming provisions in GuangYun(廣韻)nor cosistent with the rhyme system in the standard language.The irregular rhyme includes:category Zhi-Wei(支微) contacts with category Yu-Mo(魚模),Ge-Ge(歌戈) with Yu-Mo(魚模),Zhi-Wei(支微) with Jie-Lai(皆來),Ma-Che(麻車) with Jie-Lal(皆來), You-Hou(尤侯) with Xiao-Hao(蕭豪);Han-Xian(寒先) with Jian-Lian(監廉), Dong-Zhong(東鍾) with Jiang-Yang(江陽),Geng-Qing(庚青) with Jiang-Yang(江陽); Wu-Zhu(屋濁) with Duo-Jue(鐸覺):Han-Xian(寒先) and Jian-Lian(監廉) with Zhi-Wei(支微),etc.Through the analysis,we fred the vast majority of the irregular rhyming reflect the dialect in Jiang Zhe(江浙) area in Song Dynasty,apart from imitating ancient rhyming and accidental rhyming.Although the poets in Jiang Zhe(江浙) area in Song Dynasty used the same rhyme system as in the standard language,these irregular rhyming shows that the poets in Jiang Zhe(江浙) in Song Dynasty occasionally use their own dialect in their poems.The rhyming system in Jiang Zhe(江浙) poets in Song Dynasty contained extremely strong dialect in Jiang Zhe(江浙). In the last part of the arcicle,according to the unbalace distribution of the irregular rhyme,we speculate the language differences in different aeras,that's is to say,make dialect division in Jiang Zhe(江浙).We find the dialect in Jiang Zhe(江浙) was divided into three parts.As a part,the dialect in Xu Zhou(徐州)is Zhong Yuan Manarin(中原官話).The dialect in Huai An(淮安) and Yang Zhou(揚州) is Jiang Huai Manarin(江淮官話).The dialect in Nan Tong(南通),Su Zhou(蘇州),Ning Bo(寧波) and Chun An(淳安) is Tai Hu Pian(太湖片) of Wu(吳) Dialect.The dialect inTian Tai(天台) and Huang Yan(黃岩) is Tai zhou Pian(台州片) of Wu(吳)Dialect.As a part,the dialect in Jin Hua(金華),Chu Zhou(處州)and Qu Zhou(衢州) is Wu(吳) Dialect.The dialect in Wen Zhou(溫州) and Yong Jia(永嘉) is Ou Jiang Pian(甌江片) of Wu(吳) Dialect.The geographical distribution of the dialect in Jiang Zhe(江浙) in Song Dynasty is basically same as this case in today.This fact shows that the geographical distribution of the dialect in Jiang Zhe(江浙) at the latest developed their shape in Song Dynasty.