An Awakened Group Of People

After the 1911 Revolution,Yan Xishan had gradually controlled the political and military authority in Shanxi Province.While the military,political and economic control was strengthened,there was also the control on people's mind.However,Yan Xishan failed to hold back the spread of new ideas in Shanxi Province.Awakened by the New Culture Movement,Gao Changhong,Gao Muhong et al.read numerous books and magazines composed during the May 4^thMovement,and started to engage themselves in new literary creation.In the summer vacation of 1923,Kuangbiao Association was established in Taiyuan by Gao Changhong,Gao Muhong,Gao Ge;In September 1924,the monthly journal Kuangbiao was established in Taiyuan.After the first issue of Kuangbiao,Gao Changhong went to Beijing,and set up the weekly journal of Kuangbiao on November 9^th,1924.In Beijing at this time,some of the advocators supporters of the New Culture Movement who had deviated from movement realized the importance of a continuous revolution of thought,and as such they subsequently established Yusi and Modern Review at the end of 1924 as a way to start the "post-May 4^thMovement revolution on thoughts".Under such a historical circumstance,a vow that "we want to be strong ones;either to defeat obstacles or to be defeated by obstacles" was published in the 14^thissue of the weekly of Kuangbiao. Unfortunately,Kuangbiao was discontinued for various reasons after the 17^thissue was published.Under such situation,the members of Kuangbiao Association had to make their articles published in the Supplement of the Beijing Newspaper.From the criticism of the members of Kuangbiao Association towards "Yujun" written by Yang Zhensheng,it can be seen that the main subjects that the members of Kuangbiao Association criticized were the supporters of Modern Review at this time.It was just during the publication of the weekly journal of Kuangbiao that Gao Changhong was appreciated by Lu Xun who was seeking "destroyers".Since the weekly had been discontinued,led by Gao Changhong,the members of Kuangbiao Association joined the Mangyuan Association organized by Lu Xun.The purpose to establish Mangyuan Association was to carry out "civilized criticism" and "social criticism".Soon after the publication was the "Beijing Women Normal University Incident" and "Murder Case on May 30^th,1925".Accordingly,Lu Xun had to dedicate most of his time and energy to both events,and as such the number of the articles by Lu Xun in Mangyuan weekly reduced dramatically.Under such a situation, the Mangyuan weekly was still run very well,and it was attributed a lot to the members of Kuangbiao Association--Gao Changhong,Shang Yue,Gao Muhong and Chang Yansheng et al.Mangyuan Association was comprised by the writer group in Kuangbiao Association as well as the writer group from Anhui Province who had been in conflict with each other at the early stage since the establishment of Mangyuan Association. When Mangyuan Association was restructured,in spite of all the possible efforts that Lu Xun made to keep the two "Groups" under his leadership in the Mangyuan Association,Gao Changhong resigned his responsibility as an editor for the semimonthly of Mangyuan for various reasons,and established the periodicals at irregular intervals of Kuangbiao as well as the periodicals of Xianshang successively. In April,1926,together with Zheng Xiaoxun,Gao Changhong went to Shanghai to launch the campaign of "Kuangbiao",Storm and Stress,but didn't go smoothly at the beginning.Therefore,the articles written by the members of Kuangbiao Association had to be published in the semimonthly of Mangyuan again.In October,1926,the publication of the weekly of Kuangbiao was resumed in Shanghai.With the purpose to "construct new science,new arts and new ideas",it intended to stir up a spectacular campaign of the Storm and Stress in China."New science" mainly refers to behaviorism psychology and economics;"new arts" mainly refers to literature and drama;while "new ideas" is substituted by the criticism towards "New Youth Period".In China at that time,especially under the circumstances that the Northern Expedition had started and gradually won victory,it was just a good wish to save China by advocating such ideas of "science" and "arts". The so-called "New Youth Period" defined by Kuangbiao Association referred to the period of time from the publication of New Youth to Yusi,that is,the criticism towards Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren was just hidden in the title,but many personal factors were combined in the attack from all sides afterwards,so that the meaning of criticism was lowered to a great extent.There were various indications that the attack towards Zhou's Brothers by Kuangbiao Association was also enticed by the boss of the bookstore---with the hope that they "found their way" in the form of "fighting" just like Chuangzao Association did.However,opposite to his wish,the attack from all sides accelerated to cease the publication of Kuangbiao contrarily.After the weekly was discontinued,the members of Kuangbiao Association dispersed in all directions: Gao Changhong went to Hangzhou for recuperation and writing;As for Xiang Peiliang and Gao Ge,invited by Pan Hannian,they went to Wuhan to host publications.At the end of 1927 and at the beginning of 1928,the membersof Kuangbiao Association gathered in Shanghai again to establish the weekly and monthly of World. In the middle of August,1928 and at the beginning of November,1928,the Publishing Department and the Dramatic Department were set up successively. Changhong Weekly,the monthly of the Storm and Stress Campaign,the periodicals at irregular intervals of the Kuangbiao Publishing Department and Book Series of Kuangbiao were published.Besides,the dramatic campaigns of the Storm and Stress were carried out in Nanjing,Beijing,Tianjin and et al.For keeping off social,born at a wrong time,thought a rift etc.,so the Storm and Stress come to an untimely end in 1930.In the more than six years when Kuangbiao Association existed,there were 49 people from over 10 provinces and cities who ever joined it(as far as those whose names were recorded are concerned);It is known that they set up 12 periodicals totaling 103 issues,and published 4 kinds of book series totaling 26 books.From here, it can be seen that Kuangbiao Association was one of the relatively important synthetically national associations in the history of modern Chinese literature. However,for such an important association,the related data have never been sorted out,and few people have made study of it,so it is very necessary to strengthen the study of the Kuangbiao Association.Since Kuangbiao Association featured long time of existence,numerous participants,extensive activity scope,wide fields involved and etc.,to strengthen the study of Kuangbiao Association is meaningful in the following five aspects:1.Helpful to the study of the history of modern Chinese literature deeply; 2.Helpful to the study of the history of modern Chinese thoughts;3.Helpful to the study of the dissemination of the western literary thoughts trend such as the Storm and Stress,expressionism,symbolism,aestheticism and futurism in China;4.Helpful to the study of the dissemination of the western philosophy society thoughts trend such as the philosophy of Nietzsche,anarchism thoughts in China;5.Helpful to the study of the dissemination of behaviorism psychology in China.