Comparative Study Of Wu Chinese Word

Lexicology studies relate their subject mainly to the lexicon of language and to the word as its basic constituent. Understanding of lexicology as a complete system is essential to scientific, as well as to practical analysis of the functioning of a language.Comparative study of languages is one of the most attractive spheres of contemporary linguistics. It gives us (knowledge about) different language pictures of the surrounding world, unique language cultures, and national peculiarities related to perceiving of our living environment. As Oliver Wendell Holmes points out,《Every language is a temple in which the soul of those who speak it is enshrined》.Due to this essential function of the language, linguistic studies, and comparative linguistics in particular, attract the attention of a number of scientists working in different spheres. Formation of the scientific basis of comparative linguistics is referred to the end of the XVIII - beg. XIX cc, when linguistic studies evolved into a separate science due to the discovery of the comparative historical method. Together with the formation of the comparative historical linguistics, basis was created for the development of comparative analysis of languages. Contemporary comparative linguistic studies diverged into different disciplines according to their subjects of study, and today all of them are on their way to substantial progress and development. Apart from contrastive grammar, which occupies a leading place among the rest of the disciplines, contrastive lexicology, phonology, semasiology and phraseology as well are facing broad perspectives.Contemporary linguistic studies have their own sphere of research which is known under the name of contrastive (or comparative) linguistics. Part of this sphere is comparative (or contrastive) lexicology, which comes as the main subject of this thesis.Comparative lexicology contributes in the first place to the studies of lexicology themselves, as well as to those of semasiology, as the analysis of the way words and their semantic structure are reflected in other languages helps us to understand better the common laws which rule lexical semantics, and to feel the full importance of every component of the semantic structure of a word, and of the lexical system as a whole. The practical importance of contrastive language analysis for increasing of the effectiveness in teaching of foreign language lexis is also more then obvious.Any language analysis has as a result the determining of three basic groups of characteristics: common, similar, and different. This thesis is the first attempt for carrying out a comparative analysis of the lexis of Ukraine and Chinese languages. As, up to the present moment, there have only been made comparative analyses of these two languages with third languages (English, French, Russian, etc.), we can say that this thesis refers to a lot of questions for a first time.This work analyses in terms of comparison a series of basic topics, such as history of development and formation of comparative lexicology, the subject of comparative lexicology, the relations between comparative lexicology and translatology.In order to illustrate the process of formation of the lexis of the two languages, there are also included brief characteristics of their history, as well as information on some semantic phonetic differences, similarities and dissimilarities in word formation, borrowed lexis, neologisms, and some other lexicological aspects.One of the major tasks of this work is to become a guide to solving of certain linguistic problems, while at the same time increasing the level of competence of those who study Chinese, or Ukrainian as a foreign language. The theoretical explanations are supported by practical examples.Comparative study of languages is the sphere of linguistics which oversteps the merely scientific interests of linguistic studies, brings them across the borders of the existence《within itself and for itself》which have been constraining linguistics during almost the whole XX century, and opens broader horizons for research on a range of important problems: relations between language and culture, between language and national identity.I would like to hope, that this work will be useful not only for the linguists, but as well as for the experts in other fields, who are coming cross with the problems of comparable learning of languages in different aspects.