Science And Humanities: Modern Writers' Selection On The Two's Valuation In China

We are being worried with the question of science and humanities which is a grandly historical subject today. Scientific rationality and humanistic spirit experience from the mutual integration in ancient Greece to the present confrontation and division. For example, the crisis of the "two cultures", which is worried about by C.P. Snow in English, and the problems of social engineering - technical orientation and religious -moral concerns, which were found by Benjamin I. Schwartz, which is one of delegates of "new left" in the United States, such as above are becoming more and more serious in our times. It is very urgent to seek the way that the two can be communicated and integrated. We have never stopped discussing the problem in the sociological field. However, in the literature, which is closely related to the social trends of thought, we haven't paid enough attention to the question of science and humanities. So, this paper mainly searched modern writes's selection between science and humanities in China. It is possible that we can obain the beneficial enlightenment from the paper.Western science and humanities had a long history and went through the development process of "integration - Humanities - Science - two cultures".In ancient Greece, science was the knowledge about freedom, which was a humanistic spirit. So science and humanities were integrated at that time. But, at the long time of subsequent religion, the humanistic spirit became a part of the religion, and scientific rationality was completely excluded by the religious culture. Until the Renaissance, science and the humanities began reviewing the past "marriage" again. However, in the age of Enlightenment, the science broke the humanities parcels, so that it was a historical trend that subjects had become increasingly divided. In the era of globalization, the separation of science and humanities is so big that the two gradually evolve into the crisis of "two cultures", which has become a real dilemma, which human beings must confront today.In china, the question of science and humanities appears until now, mainly because the traditional culture is short of Western spirit of science. At the same time, in china, the traditional idea of humanism paid more attention the collective than the individuals, which is clearly different from western that. Therefore, after the May Fourth Movement, the question of science and humanities is still the echo of debate between Chinese culture and Western one. At the same time, Western science and democracy, which is only the mirror of Western Enlightenment culture, is introduced. So, in china, the question of science and humanities is bound to be entangled between the traditional culture and the modern experience or Chinese history and Western one. After this struggle, the crisis of "two cultures", which was foreseen by Liang Zongdai and was not paid attention to, is the same as West history. Furthermore, Liang's opions is accompanied by the reflection and regression to our traditional culture.The focus of the paper is paid on combing modern writers' opinions and tendency on science and humanities in China. Before May Fourth Movement, the confusion of science and humanities, which Wang Guowei and Liang Qichao expounded and caused a sensation of the "Science and Metaphysics debate" in 1923, is the rudiment of this problem in the history of modern Chinese thought and literature. Modern writers' selection on the valuation of science and humanities can be divided into three factions in China: the harmonious development of science and humanities; the scientific camp; the humanistic camp.First of all, Lu Xun and Lin Yutang are in behalf of the harmonious development of science and the humanities. Lu Xun is the pioneer of Modern writers on the question of science and humanities. Before the "Science and Metaphysics debate", he keenly realized that the question of sciences and humanities was very serious in China and sought for the harmonious development of science and humanities, which was based on his "to be oneself thought. Lin Yutang has the extensive experience of living in the western developed countries and a strong religious sentiment, and got the influence of our traditional culture. On the one hand, he affirmed the advanced nature of Western science culture, and the necessity of developing science culture in china; On the other hand, he thought that science had appeared the mechanical accomplishments which were taken as murders' weapons, which was caused by the flaw of scientific rationality. Lun Xun and Lin Yutang are the representation of modern writers, who seek for the harmonious development of science and humanities.Secondly, Hu Shi and Guo Moruo should belong to the representative of writers, who advocate science. Hu Shi's thought was impact from the scientific theory of evolution and the experimentalism philosophy, which directly contributed to his historical evolution of literature and concept of experimental literature; Guo Moruo enthusiastically eulogized the modern science and civilization, and was a favorite of science and scientific spirit, which directly affected his attitude towards Romantic Literature and Romanticism his work was located in.Finally, Feng Zikai and Liang Zongdai constitute one pulse of humanistic ideals among modern writers. Feng Zikai proposed taking both science and arts into account in education and criticized modern science and civilization and so on, which obviously appear his persistent pursuit of humanistic ideals; Liang Zongdai's worries of "two cultures" are from the fences of tradition or modern and that of Eastern or Western cultures, which sounded the alarm in the course of modernization in China. But these opinions had not attracted enough attention.In short, the paper, which discussed modern writers' selection on the valuation of science and humanities in China, only took a small step and tried to have the development in this topic front.As the core of article, the following aspects are important. The first, there is a brief carding on the history of science and humanities; The second, the paper approximately summarizes modern writers' opinions on the problem of sciences and humanities in china; The third, the paper analyses some representative Writers' opinions on the problem of science and humanities, which are some important cases, which can be taken to support the overall construction of science and humanities in the field of modern Chinese literature.It is absolutely clear that as a result of subjective and objective various reasons, such as the urgent time deadline and so on, there is much room for being expanded in the paper. Particularly, the following three aspects are necessary to be deepened: Firstly, the case analysis is partial. Because modern writers constitute a large group in China, where there are certainly many writers to be further excavated. Secondly, modern writes have lots of insights to the problem of science and humanities in China, which can provide our time with a similar meaning and need to be explored further. Thirdly, the paper pays more attention to vertically arranging the representative writers. However, it is lack of horizontal comparison. Obviously, the horizontal comparison among modern authors' idea of science and humanities, will strengthen the clarity of structure of entire thesis and the integrity of content. The paper needs to be further expanded and deepened in aspects above, which are our next tasks in the future.